HEALTH AND WELLNESS
Name 3 internal variables that influence health behavior and 1 external variable
Internal
a. Developmental stage
b. Intellectual background
c. Perception of functioning
d. Emotional factors
e. Spiritual factors
External variables
a. Family role and practices
b. Social determinants of health
c. Culture
Explain why the most important factor in providing nursing care to patients in a specific ethnic group is communication.
What is different cultural groups have distinct linguistic and communication patterns?
Describe delirium
What is a potentially reversible cognitive impairment that often has physiological causes, occurs suddenly, and worsens at night. Psychological causes (electrolyte imbalances, untreated pain, infection, cerebral anoxia, hypoglycemia, medication effects, tumors, CVA).
Explain tertiary prevention and give example
What occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible? It involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability through interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration.
Explain how social, economic, and environmental disadvantaged groups have many health disparities.
Populations with health disparities have a significantly increased incidence of disease or increased morbidity and mortality when compared with the general population.
Explain dementia.
What is a generalized impairment of intellectual functioning that interferes with social and occupational functioning; gradual, progressive, and irreversible decline in cerebral function.
Explain secondary prevention, give example.
What focuses on individuals who are experiencing health problems or illnesses and who are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions? Activities are directed at diagnosis and prompt intervention.
This is the first step a nurse should take as they are beginning to use patient-centered care and cultural competence to improve nursing care.
What is assess own biases and attitudes?
Identify three myths or stereotypes regarding older-adults.
a. Ill, disabled, and physically unattractive
b. Forgetful, confused, rigid, bored, and unfriendly
c. Unable to understand and learn new information
Explain primary prevention and give example.
What is precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to people considered physically and emotionally healthy? Primary prevention includes health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities.
Care that incorporates the patient’s valued life patterns and set of meanings describes this.
What is culturally congruent care?
Identify 4 early indicators of an acute illness in the older adult.
a. Change in mental status
b. Falls
c. Dehydration
d. Decrease in appetite
e. Loss of functional ability
Identify the progression of the stages from beginning to end of transtheoretical model of change.
1. precontemplation
2. contemplation
3. prepertion
4. action
5. maintenance
Explain the mnemonic LEARN model that assists the nurse to reflect upon in each patient encounter.
L = listen to the patient’s perception of the problem
E = explain your perception of the problem
A = acknowledge not only the differences between the two perceptions of the problem
R = recommendations must involve the patient
N = negotiate a treatment plan
List 5 general preventive measures to recommend to older-adults.
a. Regular primary care, dental, vision, and hearing visits
b. Participation in screening activities as indicated by age
c. Immunizations
d. Regular exercise, smoking sensation, stress management
e. Attaining and maintain target weight
f. Low-fat, well-balanced diet
g. Moderate alcohol use
h. Socialization
i. Good handwashing