1.2
Q: This country sponsored Christopher Columbus’s voyage in 1492.
A: What is Spain?
Q: This disease brought by Europeans caused mass death among Native Americans.
A: What is smallpox?
Q: This labor system granted Spanish settlers control over Native labor.
A: What is the encomienda system?
Q: This system used Native labor for farming and mining in Spanish colonies.
A: What is encomienda?
Q: Native tribes often formed these with European powers to maintain influence.
A: What are alliances?
Q: These three motives drove European exploration of the Americas.
A: What are God, gold, and glory?
Q: These two crops from the Americas helped grow the European population.
A: What are maize and potatoes?
Q: This Spanish priest advocated for Native rights and opposed harsh treatment.
A: Who is Bartolomé de Las Casas?
Q: Europeans used this belief to justify enslaving Native and African peoples.
A: What is racial superiority?
Q: This 1680 uprising temporarily removed the Spanish from New Mexico.
A: What is the Pueblo Revolt?
Q: This navigational tool allowed sailors to determine direction at sea.
A: What is the compass (or caravel)?
Q: This animal, introduced by Europeans, transformed life for tribes in the Great Plains.
A: What is the horse?
Q: These religious settlements were used to convert Native Americans to Christianity.
A: What is are missionaries?
Q: The term for a person of mixed Native American and Spanish ancestry.
A: What is a mestizo?
Q: One way Native Americans resisted Spanish religious or cultural change.
A: What is armed rebellion or secret practice of traditions?
Q: This country led early Atlantic exploration down the coast of Africa.
A: What is Portugal?
Q: The Columbian Exchange refers to the movement of these three things between continents.
A: What are plants, animals, and diseases?
Q: Spanish colonizers tried to convert Natives to this religion.
A: What is Catholicism?
Q: This social system ranked individuals based on racial background.
A: What is the casta system?
Q: This peaceful strategy helped some tribes retain autonomy.
A: What is negotiation or diplomacy?
Q: This religious event increased competition and urgency among European powers to spread Christianity.
A: What is the Protestant Reformation?
Q: Name one environmental consequence of European colonization.
A: What is deforestation, soil depletion, or overgrazing?
Q: This formal debate discussed how Natives should be treated in Spanish colonies.
A: What is the Valladolid Debate?
Q: After Native populations declined, this group became the main labor force.
A: Who are African slaves?
Q: Name one long-term consequence of colonization for Native Americans.
A: What is population decline, loss of land, or cultural disruption?