The Renaissance
The Renaissance began in....
What is the Italian City-States: Venice, Milan, Florence, etc.
This Europe state focused more on allegiance to local city-states rather than a single unified state.
What is Italy.
This invention in 1456 allowed for the spread of new ideas, religious beliefs and literacy among laypeople.
What is the printing press?
According to Martin Luther, salvation can only be achieved through...
What is faith, good deeds, and an individual relationship with God?
The Holy Roman Emperor that tried to stop the Lutheran revolt.
Who is Charles V?
The study of Latin classics for moral education and insight into human nature was called...
What is Humanism.
This monarch employed moderation and tolerance when building a state that eventually rose to global importance.
Who Is Queen Elizabeth I.?
This form of free labour was only offered to people of European descent. People were paid wages and had a set timeframe to work within.
What is indentured servitude?
This Protestant leader supported the idea of "predestination"
Who is John Calvin?
Religious moderates in France, represented by both Catholics and Huguenots.
Who are the Politiques?
In The Prince, this Italian humanist wrote about the qualities a leader needs to have in order to maintain power and control.
Who is Machiavelli.
This state was responsible for attacks on other states that supported Protestant ideas or groups.
What is Spain?
Protection (physical and spiritual) travels down and taxation travels up in this system. There is no centralized bureaucracy.
What is the Feudalism?
The most influential religious order of the Counter Reformation, taking on teaching and missionary work.
Who are the Jesuits?
This fleet was sent to destroy England.
What is the Spanish Armada?
This political strategy involved financially supporting artists and writers.
What is Patronage.
This area was split into two along religious demarcation lines, later becomes two independent states, Belgium and The Dutch Republic.
What is the Spanish Netherlands?
This organization persecuted non-Catholics and accused witches.
What is the Inquisition?
This council met in 1545 to correct abuses within the Catholic Church. They decreed the sale of indulgencies to be ended, the clergy to be more disciplined, (live in own parish, training and seminary, celibacy), and saw theHoly Office established.
What is the Council of Trent?
Signed in 1598 by King Henry IV, this gave Huguenots religious freedoms and civil rights, permitted Protestant worship in specific locations, provided amnesty, allowed access to public office, and restored civic unity, though Catholicism remained the state religion
What is the Edict of Nantes?
Renaissance humanists who interpreted Italian ideas about classical antiquity and humanism in terms of their own religious traditions.
Who are Christian Humanists.
This entity was a collection of hundreds of independent, small-to-medium-sized political entities (principalities, duchies, free cities).
What is the Holy Roman Empire? (ca. 800-1800)
Martin Luther refused to endorse this attempt to alter German social and political structure.
What were the German Peasant Revolts (1525)?
This monarch initiated the Protestant Reformation in England.
Who is Henry VIII?
This group of Protestants were forced to flee to the New World and establish colinies there.
What is the Puritans?