A Dividing Nation
Why did Missouri’s request for statehood in 1819 create a problem for the U.S.?
Because it would upset the balance between free and slave states
What advantage did the North have at the start of the Civil War?
The North had more people, industry, and resources
What was the greatest cause of death for soldiers during the Civil War?
Disease
How did Abraham Lincoln want to treat the South after the war?
With kindness and justice — “malice toward none”
Which two men worked together to balance interests between North and South before the war?
Henry Clay and Daniel Webster
What line of latitude in the Missouri Compromise divided free and slave territories?
36°30′ line
Why did Robert E. Lee choose to fight for the Confederacy?
Loyalty to his home state, Virginia
What did the Emancipation Proclamation declare?
It freed enslaved people in Confederate states
What was the purpose of the 13th Amendment?
To abolish slavery
What book by Harriet Beecher Stowe turned more people against slavery?
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
How did the Compromise of 1850 appease the South?
It required the return of escaped enslaved people (Fugitive Slave Act)
What was Jefferson Davis’s political background before becoming Confederate president?
He had been a U.S. Senator from Mississippi
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg a turning point in the war?
The South suffered major losses and never invaded the North again
What rights were guaranteed by the 14th Amendment?
Equal protection under the law
What did the Supreme Court rule in the Dred Scott case?
African Americans were not citizens and couldn’t sue in federal court
What was the main goal of the Wilmot Proviso?
It banned slavery in land won from Mexico
What lesson did both sides learn from the Battle of Bull Run?
The war would be long and difficult
What was General Sherman’s “March to the Sea” an example of?
Total war
What was the goal of the 15th Amendment?
To protect African American men’s right to vote
Which famous speech did Lincoln give that began with “Four score and seven years ago…”?
The Gettysburg Address
How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act undo or “nullify” the Missouri Compromise?
It allowed slavery in new northern territories (popular sovereignty)
What was the main purpose of the Union’s Anaconda Plan?
To blockade the South and cut off supplies
What were General Grant’s surrender terms for the Confederacy at Appomattox Court House?
They were generous to avoid further suffering
Why did Southern Democrats create Jim Crow laws?
To enforce segregation between races in public life
Which quote from Lincoln said, “A house divided against itself cannot stand”?
His “House Divided” speech