Politics & Leaders
This Ohio-born president was elected in 1896, led the nation during the Spanish–American War, and was assassinated in 1901.
William McKinley
This inventor improved the incandescent light bulb and had a laboratory in Menlo Park; he is often credited with mass-producing practical electric lighting.
Thomas Edison
This leading suffragist and social reformer co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association and advocated for women’s rights in the 19th century.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Tribal leader of a Sioux nation who helped lead the fight against U.S. troops in the black hills.
Sitting Bull
The New York arrival station that processed millions of European immigrants from 1892 to 1954.
Ellis Island
As vice president under William McKinley, he succeeded to the presidency in 1901 and became known for his progressive policies and conservation efforts.
Theodore Roosevelt
He built the Standard Oil Company and used aggressive business practices to dominate the oil industry.
John D. Rockefeller
A prominent investigative journalist and social documentary photographer whose work exposed tenement conditions and influenced urban reforms.
Jacob Riis
This 1876 battle in Montana resulted in a major defeat for the U.S. Army under Lieutenant Colonel Custer.
Battle of Little Bighorn
The West Coast counterpart to Ellis Island that processed many Asian immigrants, located in San Francisco Bay
Angel Island
This president twice served nonconsecutive terms and was known for his opposition to imperialist policies in the late 19th century.
Grover Cleveland
This financier consolidated railroads and created U.S. Steel through large-scale mergers; he exemplified the power of banking capital
J. P. Morgan
This African American scholar and civil rights activist co-founded the NAACP and argued for civil rights and higher education for the Black community.
W.E.B. Du Bois
Lieutenant Colonel who led the 7th Cavalry and died at the Battle of Little Bighorn.
Lt. Col. George A. Custer
Term for immigrants who arrived primarily from northern and western Europe before the late 19th century.
Old Immigrants
Elected in 1880 and assassinated the same year, he had previously served as a Civil War general.
James A. Garfield
Known for building a railroad empire and controlling steamship lines, he became one of the richest tycoons in transportation.
Cornelius Vanderbilt
A major leader in the suffrage movement who organized the National Woman's Party and led campaigns for a federal suffrage amendment.
Alice Paul
The 1890 massacre that marked a violent end to large-scale Native resistance on the Plains
Wounded Knee Massacre
This term describes anti-immigrant sentiment and policies favoring native-born inhabitants.
Nativism
He served as president from 1909 to 1913, later became Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, and was known for his dollar diplomacy.
William Howard Taft
A Scottish-American industrialist who led the expansion of the American steel industry and promoted the gospel of wealth.
Andrew Carnegie
This famous author and critic used satire to describe American society in the late 19th century as the Gilded Age.
Mark Twain
Two acts that prompted Manifest Destiny and motivated expansionism out west.
Homestead and Pacific Railway Act
The movement put into place that brought parks within city limits, created wide boulevards, and brought the expansion of more suburbs.
City Beautiful Movement