Structure of DNA
These are the building blocks of DNA and RNA
What are nucleotides?
H
What is hydrogen?
A pairs with ___ and G pairs with ____
What are T and C?
In 1928, this person discovered that genetic information can be passed from dead bacteria to live bacteria, aka the “transforming principle.”
This laid the groundwork for identifying DNA as the molecule responsible for inheritance.
Who is Griffith?
Chargaff revealed ____________ rules.
What is base-pairing?
The three parts of nucleotides.
What are a sugar, a phosphorous, and a nitrogenous base (ATGC)?
He
What is helium?
These molecules alternate on the sides of the DNA ladder.
What are sugar and phosphate?
In 1952, these people used bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) and tagged their DNA with radioactive phosphorus and their protein coat with radioactive sulfur.
This confirmed that it was DNA, not protein, that carried the genetic material.
Who are Hershey and Chase?
Griffith showed genetic information could be _________.
The 5 elements found in nucleotides.
What are Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus?
Ca
What is calcium?
DNA models tend to be rigid, but actual DNA is this.
In 1950, this person analyzed the composition of DNA in different organisms and found that the amounts of adenine (A) equaled thymine (T), and guanine (G) equaled cytosine (C).
Who is Chargaff?
Hershey and Chase identified DNA as the ___________ molecule.
What is heredity?
The number of hydrogen bonds connecting Adenine (A) and thymine (T).
What is two?
Ar
What is Argon?
The rungs of the DNA ladder are made up of these.
These people x-ray photographed DNA and were responsible for revealing its double helix structure.
Who are Franklin and Wilkins?
Wilkins and Franklin’s work provided key structural data, namely the _______ ________ formation.
What is double helix?
The number of hydrogen bonds between Guanine (G) and cytosine (C).
What is three?
K
What is potassium?
The full names of A, T, G, and C.
What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and guanine and cytosine.
These people built a 3D model of DNA using Franklin’s X-ray images and Chargaff’s base-pairing rules.
Their model explained how DNA stores genetic information and replicates.
Who are Watson and Crick?
Watson and Crick built the first accurate ____ _______, combining all previous findings into a clear explanation of DNA’s structure and function.
What is DNA model?