Rock it out
The changing of rocks is called...
The rock cycle
What is weathering?
The process of breaking down rocks.
Name the two forms of weathering.
Mechanical (physical) / chemical
Loose material at the surface of the earth is called ________.
SOIL (not dirt) ;)
What is erosion?
The movement of weathered rocks from from one location to another.
Ice formations that erode huge amounts of rocks by sliding slowly downhill are called __________.
The primary force behind mass movements (and erosion) is _____________.
Gravity
People who explore caves are called what?
Spelunkers
This rock is formed when minerals/smaller rocks and tiny living things settle and harden.
Sedimentary rocks
This type of weathering transforms rocks into new substances.
Chemical
This type of weathering breaks rocks into smaller rocks.
Mechanical
A scientist who studies soil is called_____________.
Pedologist
When water, wind, or ice drops sediment or rocks in a new locations is called __________.
Deposition
What is plucking?
When a glacier pulls pieces of bedrock loose and carries it along with it.
When gravity slowly pull soil down the slope of a hill this is called ________.
Soil creep
__________ hang from the ceiling of a cavern, they look like icicles.
Stalactites.
True or false: Sedimentary rocks form metamorphic rocks when under heat and pressure.
True
This type of mechanical weathering occurs when water inside rocks freezes and forces the rock apart.
Frost wedging
This type of mechanical weathering occurs when water underneath a rock freezes and forces the rock upwards out of the ground.
Frost heaving
The largest kind of particle.
Sand
When sediment deposits at the mouth of a river and a new area of land is formed this is called a __________.
Delta
RANDOM QUESTION: The multiple layers of soil are called _________.
Horizons.
__________ is a type of mass movement where gravity pulls at rocks and sediment on the sides of hills and mountains. As the rocks tumble down they dislodge more rocks and sediment.
Earth flow
These formations "grow" from the ground as a result of dripping dissolved calcite.
Stalagmite
This rock forms below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic
This type of mechanical weathering occurs when rocks rub against each other. (Rocks rolling in s stream)
Abrasion
When carbon dioxide dissolves into water _________ forms, which can slowly dissolve certain types of rocks. (chemical weathering)
Carbonic Acid
__________ is referring to the amount of sand, silt, or clay in the soil sample.
Texture
An area that commonly floods is called a _________.
Floodplain
__________ occur when wind blows small loose particles such as clay and silt. They can reach hundreds of meters into the air.
Dust storms.
One of the fastest moving mass movements, a __________ occurs when water combines with soil and becomes heavy and unstable.
Mudflow
A ______________ is a long delicate curtain like sheet of calcite.
Drip curtain
This rock type forms when magma cools above or below earth's surface.
Igneous
________ are found growing on rocks in the woods. They secrete mild acids that dissolve the rocks.
Lichens
A stronger acid solution that can harm trees, and wildlife. This type of rain is called ___________.
Acid rain
The smallest kind of particle is ____________.
clay
True or false: The lightest sediment drops first when being deposited.
False: the heaviest.
Piles of rock that have been eroded and deposited by a glacier are called.
Moraines
When a mass of snow along the side of a mountain becomes unstable and gravity pulls it down the mt; a _________ has occurred.
Avalanche
When a stalactite and stalagmite grow together it forms a __________.
Column.
These two types of rocks can melt to form magma.
Metamorphic or igneous
When oxygen from the air combines with what a rock is made up of, new compounds form that weaken the rock. This chemical weathering process is called___________.
Oxidation
How does a Hoodoo form?
The rock on top of a hoodoo is harder than the rock on the bottom. The rock below abrades faster.
When equal parts of sand and silt are combined with half as much clay the soil is called _________. This is especially fertile soil.
Loam
When sediment particles are carried down a stream, and the sediment does not dissolve this is called the stream's __________.
Suspended load
Sand deposits that create shoals, or shallow places along the coast are called ________. Ships can be greatly impacted by these.
Sandbar
When slabs of rock break off along cracks and faults and slide down the mt are called _________.
Rockslides
What are the formations created by stalactites and stalagmites in a cavern called?
Speleothems