vocab
Atoms, bonding, and the periodic table
ionic bonds
covalent bonds
Bonding in Metals
100
Electrons found in the _____________ energy level of an atom; they determine how atoms bond.
outermost
100
a ___________________ shows the number of valence electrons in an atom in pictorial fashion.
electron dot diagram
100
What is an ionic bond?
the attraction between two oppositely charged ions
100
What is a covalent bond?
chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons
100
The properties of solid metals can be explained by the bonding among metal atoms.
true
200
a bond formed when one or more electrons are ________________ from on atom to another
transferred
200
Which is a property shared by most molecular compounds?
low melting point
200
What is an ion?
an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge
200
what is a double bond?
two pairs of electrons shared between two atoms
200
What is ductility?
can be bent easily and pulled into wires.
300
What is an alloy?
A mixture of two or more elements, one of which is a metal
300
The number of _________________ in the atoms of an element determines its chemical properties.
valence electrons
300
T/F: when electrons are transferred between two atoms, a covalent bond is formed
false; ionic
300
Molecular compounds that dissolve in water do not conduct electricity because no _____________ are present.
ions
300
T/F: Metals conduct heat easily because the valence electrons within a metal are free to move
true
400
What is a nonpolar bond?
a bond where electrons are shared equally between atoms
400
in an electron dot diagram of sulfur (S), how many dots should be draw around the symbol? Why?
6; it is in group 16 and there are 6 valence electrons
400
In an ionic compound, which part is written first?
positive ion
400
t/f: a low melting point is one property of molecular compounds.
true
400
Name an example of a metal object that shows both luster and malleability .
ex: gold or silver jewelry.
Aluminum foil – shiny (luster) and can be bent or flattened easily (malleable).
Copper wire – shiny reddish color (luster) and can be stretched or shaped easily (malleable).
Silver spoon – shiny surface (luster) and can be shaped or engraved (malleable).
Steel pan – polished surface (luster) and can be formed into different shapes (malleable).
500
What is does it mean to be malleable?
the property of metals that allows them to be hammered or rolled into thin sheet.
500
List 3 elements from the group containing the most reactive nonmetals 
any elements from group 17
500
Explain how a bond forms between sodium and chlorine in sodium chloride (NaCl).
Sodium has one valence electron and chlorine has seven valence electrons. Sodium gives its extra electron to chlorine. This creates a positive sodium ion (Na⁺) and a negative chloride ion (Cl⁻). The opposite charges attract, and together they form sodium chloride (NaCl), a neutral compound.
500
What is a difference between covalent and ionic bonds?
Covalent bond: electrons are shared between atoms; usually occurs between nonmetals
ionic bond: electrons are transferred from on atom to another; occurs between a metal and a nonmetal
500
Explain why metals are such good conductors of heat and electricity
A metal is made of positive metal ions surrounded by a “sea” of free-moving electrons. Heat moves through material when particles bump into each other and pass on their energy. In metals, the particles and free electrons move easily, so heat spreads quickly. Electricity moves when charged particles can flow. In metals, the free electrons can move anywhere, so electricity also flows easily.