Indentured Servants
What is the typical length of an indenture?
The south had large plantations that required huge amounts of physical labor in addition to domestic tasks.
What was the first successful English colony and where was it?
Jamestown in Virginia
What types of issues did the first colonists face?
Cold winters, starvation, sickness, conflict with Native Americans, lack of resources
Which country had the most successful American colonies?
England
Where did indentured servants often come from?
Europe, specifically England and Ireland
What was the voyage from Africa to the Americas called? BONUS: What were the conditions like?
The Middle Passage
BONUS: Filthy, no bathrooms, lots of disease, 70% died during the journey
What region is known for large plantations, slavery, and a maintained allegiance to the Church of England?
The Southern Colonies
What act did the British pass to attempt to control colonial trade?
The Navigation Acts
Which country created colonies to find gold and convert the natives to Catholicism?
Spain
What did indentured servants receive in exchange for their labor?
Passage to the colonies, shelter, clothes and food
What is the difference between someone who is enslaved versus someone who is indentured?
Enslaved- generational and set for life (unless granted freedom), race-based, involuntary
Indentured- Only 5-7 years, not based on race, often voluntary
What region is known for poor soil, shipbuilding, fishing, and religion?
The New England Colonies
Which Enlightenment thinker most influenced the colonists?
John Locke
Which countries created colonies to participate in the fur trade?
What were the typical working conditions like for an indentured servant?
What is the connection between mercantilism and slavery?
England wanted to produce more raw materials to export more than they imported and needed slave labor to work their cash crop plantations.
What region is known for fertile soil, mining, trading, and religious tolerance?
The Middle Colonies
How did the Enlightenment in a way inspire the American Revolution?
It provided arguments against British rule.
What were the religious and economic reasons England created American colonies?
Religious: Escaping religious persecution (puritans)
Economic: Wanted a place for England's growing population of unemployed and a source of raw materials
Aside from indentured servants and enslaved Africans, what other group was used for labor and why did it fail?
Native Americans were used for labor but their populations declined from disease and violence. Additionally, they were able to easily escape because of their familiarity with the land.
In what year were the first enslaved Africans brought to Virginia?
1619
What is the definition of a colony?
A country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country
How did the Great Awakening in a way inspire the American Revolution?
It urged people to abandon their traditional beliefs.
Why did Spain have to abandon their colonies?