Key Terms
Define heterogeneous mixture.
These mixtures have visible different parts, like oil and water.
This term refers to a substance made of only one type of particle.
What is a pure substance?
These two components describe living and non-living parts of an ecosystem.
What are biotic and abiotic components?
This group of organisms provides energy for all others by creating their own food.
What are producers?
Darwin’s finches developed different sizes and shapes of this body part to help them eat different foods.
What are beaks?
This type of heterogeneous mixture has particles that are larger than those in a solution but small enough to stay evenly distributed without settling, such as milk or fog.
What is a colloid?
Define community.
All the different populations that live together in an area.
This type of change affects the form of matter but not its chemical composition.
What is a physical change?
This term describes organisms that eat producers to get energy.
What are primary consumers?
This process ensures that water is recycled through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
What is the water cycle?
This type of adaptation involves the actions or behaviours of an animal, like birds migrating in winter.
What is a behavioural adaptation?
Only about this percentage of energy is transferred from member of a food web to the next.
What is 10%?
Define geosphere.
The solid, mainly rocky part of Earth.
Sugar is the solvent. Water is the solute. Sugar is ___________ in water.
What is soluble?
These organisms break down dead plants and animals, returning nutrients to the soil.
What are decomposers?
The ultimate source of energy for almost all life on Earth.
What is the sun?
This random process causes differences, or variations, in traits like the fur colour of pocket mice or the size of beaks of finches.
What is a mutation?
Plants take in this gas to perform photosynthesis, beginning the carbon cycle.
What is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
Define solvent.
The component of a solution that dissolves the solute.
Identify one type of pollutant that can be classified as a heterogeneous mixture.
What is garbage in the ocean, smog or oil spill?
A group of organisms that closely resemble each other and can reproduce successfully among themselves.
What are species?
Represent a food chain showing energy flow from a producer to a tertiary consumer. (Contestant must draw their answer on the white board).
Producer > Primary Consumer > Secondary Consumer > Tertiary Consumer
The process by which populations adapt to their environment over generations (a change in species over time).
What is evolution?
The sugary substance plants make during photosynthesis that stores chemical energy.
What is glucose?
Define Netukulimk.
The Mi'kmaw concept of respect, responsibility, relationship, and reciprocity in every aspect of a person's life, including how we interact with Mother Earth, the environment around us.
Name the three types of heterogeneous mixtures.
What are suspensions, colloids, and mechanical mixtures?
The Earth's water systems, like rivers and oceans, belong to this sphere.
What is the hydrosphere?
A hawk eats a snake that previously ate a mouse. This makes the hawk a _____________ consumer.
The name of the process by which advantageous traits become more common in a population over time.
What is natural selection?
There are 13 species of finches on the Galápagos Islands. Explain how these species arose.
The 13 species of finches evolved from a single species of finch that likely came from the mainland. Over time, they developed different beak shapes to adapt to different food sources. They became separate species by being physically separated (living on different islands).