The Enlightenment
What event led to the Enlightenment?
The Scientific Revolution
the right to rule comes from God
What is one reason why the French Revolution happened?
only the third estate paid taxes
expensive wars
luxurious lifestyle of the nobility
rising price of bread, everybody else couldn't afford food
How did Napoleon first become leader of France?
He overthrew the Directory. coup d'etat
What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?
to "fix" europe
restore balance of power in Europe
What Enlightenment idea is John Locke associated with?
natural rights - life, liberty and property
Define abolutism.
government where a king/queen can rule in any way they choose to
Who was in control of the Reign of Terror and what did he use as his main weapon?
Robespierre used the guillotine
What is the name of the law system that Napoleon created?
The Napoleonic Code
What happened to France's government after the Congress of Vienna?
They restored the absolute monarchy.
What is the name of an enlightened despot?
Frederick the Great
Catherine the Great
Joseph II
King Louis the 14th
Who are in the estates-system?
First Estate: clergy
Second Estate: nobles
Third Estate: commoners, peasants, everybody else
What did Napoleon eventually become?
an emperor of France
What event led to the creation of the Congress of Vienna?
Napoleon's fall from power
What Enlightenment idea is associated with Baron de Montesquieu?
separation of powers
Translate this mesage: L'État, c'est moi
I am the state.
What event is considered the start of the French Revolution?
the storming of the Bastille
What protected Russia from control by Napoleon's army?
geographic size, weather and/or scorched earth policy
What did they create to prevent future wars and make peace?
the Concert of Europe
Finish this sentence on the Enlightenment idea.
The power of the government comes from
those who are governed
the people
What institution did the absolute monarchy take power away from?
the Catholic Church
What document did the French Revolution make?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Define meritocracy.
jobs given based on their abilities and talent instead of their social class
Who were the three countries in the Congress of Vienna?
Russia, Austria, and Great Britain