Earth & Things
Molten rock is called _______ when it is trapped deep underground beneath Earth's surface.
Magma
What is the SMALLEST unit of life called?
cell
Name the 3 rocks in the rock cycle (IN ORDER)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
Which planet is the closest to the Sun?
Mercury
The Curiosity rover drilled into a rock outcrop at the base of a Martian Channel and discovered conglomerate (a sedimentary rock made of rounded pebbles cemented together by finer sand). On Earth, rounded pebbles in conglomerate only form when rock fragments tumble in flowing water for a long time.
What is this discovery in scientific argument (CER)
This evidence supports the claim that liquid water once flowed on Mars.
Magma becomes __________ once it erupts onto Earth's surface.
Lava
Living things _________ when they make new organisms of the same kind.
Reproduce
Over thousands of years, thick layers of mud and sand pile on top, squeezing water out of the lower layers; this process is called _________.
Compaction
Which planet is Red because of high levels of Iron Oxide?
Mars
In Science class, a student writes: "Mars once had flowing liquid water on its surface. Satellite images show winding channels, and the Perseverance Rover found Conglomerate rock. Since Conglomerate rock and channels on Mars prove liquid water once flowed there."
What role does the final sentence play? Is it a Claim, Evidence, Reasoning or Deposition?
Reasoning
If you could journey from Earth's rocky surface down toward its interior, you would start on the thin, solid outer layer called the ______ and then pass into the thick, hot layer of solid and semisolid rock beneath it, called the __________.
Crust, Mantle
Plants and animals need ___________ to move, grow and repair cells.
Energy
Wind and flowing river water carry broken rock fragments miles downstream; this is called __________.
Erosion
What is the most important factor in sustaining homeostasis on Earth? ** Hint: ** protects us from damaging UV rays & extreme thermal energy from the Sun.
Atmosphere
While examining satellite photos of Mars, a student notices a long, winding, narrow valley that looks remarkably similar to dried-up riverbeds on Earth. What is this landform called, and which two planetary spheres interact when flowing liquid water carves into solid rocky ground?
A channel, the hydrosphere, and the geosphere
As molten rock cools and hardens through crystallization, it forms _________rock, such as Basalt.
Igneous
Maintaining stable internal conditions is called ___________.
Homeostasis
A fast-moving river enters a calm ocean bay, slows down, loses energy, and drops its load of sand and mud onto the seafloor; this process is called _________.
Deposition.
Which planet has visible rings from Earth when observed with a telescope?
Saturn
Station Beta is farther because the bigger the S-wave minus P-wave time gap, the farther the station is from the epicenter. Station Alpha (Closer) will show higher and wider wiggles (larger amplitude).
Explain the difference between a seismograph and a seismogram.
A seismograph is an instrument anchored to bedrock that detects vibrations, while a seismogram is the paper or digital record of the waves.
Changes in an organism's environment are called ___________.
Stimuli
Dissolved minerals in the remaining pore water crystallize between the squished grains, gluing them into a solid rock; this is called _______.
Cementation
Which planet contains a Biosphere?
Earth
Planetary geologists compare Mars's rocky surface to Earth's because both planets have interacting systems. Which two spheres are interacting when wind blows sand into large dunes on Mars?
Atmosphere and Geosphere