East Asia: Song Dynasty & Chinese Influence
What was the Song Dynasty's belief system?
Confucianism
How did Dar al-Islam expand? (3 ways)
Trade:
Military Conquests: Islamic empires like the Umayyads and Abbasids expanded by conquering new lands.
Missionary Work: sufism
What are the two main religions in South and Southeast Asia during this time
Hinduism and Buddhism
What was the Mali Empire and where was it located?
A rich empire in West Africa, known for gold and Mansa Musa
Why was the Catholic Church so powerful in medieval Europe
It controlled education, helped kings, and people believed it could guide them to heaven.
how was Neo-Confucianism different from Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism blended Confucian ethics with Buddhist and Daoist ideas, while Confucianism was just a way of life
What were the opposing kingdoms that were against the Delhi Sultanate?
Rajput and Vijayanagara both were opposing hindu kingdoms to the delhi islamic empire
What is one key difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?
Hinduism has a caste system and many gods; Buddhism does not have a caste system and focuses on ending suffering.
What was the Great Zimbabwe and what was its effect?
It was a rich African kingdom with big stone buildings. It got wealth from gold trade and connected to other trade routes.
What was manorialism and serfdom
Manorialism was life on a lord’s land. Serfs were peasants who worked the land and couldn’t leave without permission.
Roles of men and women in Song society because of Confucianism?
Men: Held power, worked in government, led families.
Women: Obeyed fathers and husbands, stayed at home, had fewer rights.
What was the Delhi Sultanate's religion issue in South Asia?
The Delhi Sultanate, a Muslim empire, faced tensions with Hindu majority populations in South Asia, leading to conflicts over religion and culture.
How did trade affect South and Southeast Asia?
Trade brought money, new goods, and also helped spread religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam.
How was Ethiopia different from other African states?
Ethiopia stayed Christian while most other African kingdoms became Muslim
What was feudalism in Europe?
A system where kings gave land to nobles, nobles gave land to knights, and peasants worked the land.
What helped the Song Dynasty's economy grow, and how did it change people’s lives
Paper money and more trade helped the economy grow. More people moved to cities, and some became richer, especially merchants. Towns became busier and more organized.
What was the Seljuk Empire?
slave Turk fighters brought by the Abbasids to unify the empire through military means, but they saw the Abbasids' weakness and created their own empire within.
Why was Southeast Asia important in trade routes?
It was between India and China, so many ships stopped there. That helped it grow rich and mix many cultures and religions.
What was an American empire that was centralized and one that was decentralized?
The Inca Empire was centralized with one strong government. The Maya were decentralized, with many city-states.
How were European states in this period?
Europe had many small kingdoms. Some started to grow stronger with kings, but most were still divided and weak.
How did Confucian values help and limit the Song Dynasty’s growth?
Confucianism strengthened the state by promoting loyalty, education, and meritocracy, but also limited innovation in some areas by resisting change and reinforcing rigid social hierarchies.
What was the Abbasid Caliphate, and what happened to it?
The Abbasid Caliphate was the capital for dar-al-islam but it fractured and the Mongols sacked Baghdad and ended Abbasid rule.
How did Hinduism and Buddhism influence local kingdoms in Southeast Asia
Kings used religion to show power. They built big temples and mixed local beliefs with Hindu or Buddhist ideas to keep people united.
What was the tributary system and how did the Aztecs use it?
It was when other groups had to give goods to a stronger empire. The Aztecs used it to get food, gold, and people for sacrifice from conquered areas.
What was Christianity’s change and continuity?
Christianity stayed strong in Europe, but the Church lost some power as kings got stronger and new ideas started to spread.