Vocabulary
The suffix -ology means this:
What is 'the study of?'
This variable is always graphed on the Y axis
What is the dependent/response variable?
This term refers to a negatively charged ion
What is an anion?
This term refers to a positively charged ion
What is a cation?
This is the most acidic substance that occurs naturally on earth
What is hydrochloric acid?
The prefix 'mono' means this
What is 'one?'
This is the definition of the independent variable
What is 'the variable that is being changed or manipulated; the variable we think will cause a change in the dependent variable?'
This is why most people would trust a drug proven effective in 10,000 people versus a drug proven effective in 10 people
What is 'because the larger the sample size, the more confidence we have in the conclusions we arrive at, based on that sample size?'
To calculate pH of a solution, we look at the concentration of what two things
What are 1) H+ and 2) OH-?
Is it possible to take the pH of a solution that is not water-based? Why or why not?
What is 'it is not possible because to measure pH, we have to measure the concentration of H+ and/or OH- and if a solution is not water based, we can't take this measurement?'
This variable is always graphed on the X axis
What is the indepdendent/manipulated/predictor variable?
Explain the entire meaning of the acronym 'DRYMIX'
What is D = dependent, R = response, Y = plotted on the Y axis, M = manipulated, I = independent, X = plotted on the X axis?
A scientist wants to study the relationship between total hours of nightly sleep and student engagement during biology. What are the dependent and independent variables?
What is 'independent (X) variable: total hours of nightly sleep and dependent (Y) variable: student engagement during biology?'
These are three examples of sub-studies that fall under the broad category of 'biology'
What are 1) marine biology, 2) oncology, 3) ecology, 4) virology, 5) immunology, 6) geology, 7) heredity, 8) genetics, etc etc?
These are the other three possible names for the X variable
What are 1) manipulated variable, 2) independent variable, and 3) predictor variable?
This term refers to a water-based solution
What is an aqueous solution?
If one variable increases as the other variable decreases, we would describe this relationship as:
What is 'negative or inverse?'
This is what it means for a question to be 'falsifiable'
What is 'falsifiability means that it is possible to prove something untrue if it is actually untrue; there is a way to set up an experiment that would prove the question false?'
When we say that science is 'objective', we mean that:
What is 'we mean that science is not open to opinion, beliefs, or intentional bias - science should be free from all of those things, making it objective?'
Briefly explain why the scientific process is never finished
What is 'because science can never be 100% certain about any conclusion - saying that would imply that humans are perfect and free of bias and error (which we know is not the case) - so we always leave open the option that a new piece of evidence will come to light that could change how we think about a concept or process?'
Briefly define an ion and explain how it is different from a polar molecule
What is 'an ion is a molecule or atom that carries a net negative or net positive charge; a polar molecule is a neutral molecule that has slight negative and positive charges at opposite ends?'
Briefly define the dependent and independent variables
What is '1. independent variable - changed or manipulated by scientist; 2. dependent variable - the variable we think will respond to the change in X?'
These are the five criteria that every scientific question/hypothesis must meet
What are 1) predictable, 2) observable, 3) measurable, 4) natural, and 5) falsifiable?
This is why it is always preferable to turn data points into a graph or some type of visual display
What is 'because looking at hundreds of data points in a table is much less informative than looking at those points plotted on a graph?'
Briefly explain why it is important to continue to re-evaluate questions in science
What is 'because conditions change (ex: bacteria and viruses evolve and mutate) and an answer or solution that science developed 50 years ago may not be the most effective solution, based on new data or evidence?'