Ethics
Takes into account how others are affected by your actions and strives for the greatest good for the greatest number of people
utilitarianism
A local government is deciding where to allocate its emergency funding. After analyzing different options, they choose to repair a major bridge that thousands of commuters use daily, rather than building a park in a small neighborhood. Their goal is to maximize the benefit for the greatest number of people.
Utilitarianism
This type of law is the foundation of all U.S. law and grants individual rights and freedoms through Amendments.
Constitutional Law
The Food and Drug Administration is a federal agency in charge of creating and enforcing regulations relating to foods, prescription drugs, and over-the-counter drugs. What type of law does the FDA create?
Administrative
Making decisions by treating others how you would want to be treated
the golden rule
A journalist refuses to reveal the identity of a confidential source, even when threatened with jail time. They believe it is their duty to uphold the promise of confidentiality, no matter the consequences.
Deontology
Laws enacted by legislative bodies to address specific issues.
Statutory law
If the legislature of the State of Colorado passed a law requiring all drivers to turn off their cell phones while driving, which of the four sources of law would this be?
Statutory
This ethical theory asserts that individuals should act in their own self-interest and that pursuing personal goals ultimately benefits society.
Ethical Egoism
A customer accidentally receives too much change from a cashier. They return the extra money because they believe that if they were in the cashier’s position, they would want someone to do the same for them.
Golden Rule
Rules and regulations created by government agencies to implement and enforce statutory laws.
Administrative Law
The concept of "reasonable care" in tort law evolves through court decisions over time.
Common Law
The system of rules of conduct established by the government of a society to maintain stability and justice
The law
This ethical theory follows focuses on following rules or duties regardless of the consequences. Actions are judged as morally right or wrong based on adherence to universal principles.
Deontology
An older sibling decides to skip a big event with friends to stay home and care for their younger sibling, who is sick. They feel it’s more important to support their sibling than to prioritize their personal enjoyment.
Care Ethics
Name all four main sources of law.
Constitutional, Statutory, Common Law, Administrative Law
A federal judge invalidates a state law requiring voter ID, ruling that it violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. (two types)
Statutory Law, Constitutional Law
The constitution is often referred to as the "_________ law of the land"
supreme
This ancient Greek ethical view positions that virtue is sufficient for happiness and emphasizes self-control and rationality.
Stoicism
A business owner decides to invest in energy-efficient equipment for their company. While they care about the environment, their primary motivation is to reduce long-term costs and increase profits.
Ethical Egoism
What does the legal doctrine "stare decisis" mean?
The FDA issues a regulation limiting the amount of a specific chemical in food products. A company challenges the rule, claiming it exceeds the FDA's authority under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (two types)
Administrative, Statutory
The practice of judges referring to past decisions when making their decisions is called?
precedent