Topic 1.1-1.2
Topic 1.3-1.4
Topic 1.5-1.7
Topic 1.8-1.9
1.10-1.11
100
This biome is warm and wet, with little seasonal variation in temperature and frequent precipitation.
1) Savanna
2) Boreal forest
3) Tropical rain forest
4) Desert
3) Tropical rain forest
100
Which of the following statements is true of aquatic biomes?
1) Freshwater and marine biomes are evenly distributed on Earth.
2) Freshwater biomes are a vital source of drinking water.
3) Freshwater biomes supply a greater portion of Earth’s oxygen than marine biomes.
4) Marine biomes include streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes.
2) Freshwater biomes are a vital source of drinking water.
100
Discovered hom
Which of the following would best describe X in the diagram above?
Bacteria play an important role in the conversion of compounds from the atmospheric gas to the form of the compound taken up by plants.
Phosphorus and nitrogen are both required for plant growth.
Volcanic eruptions are a major source of non-anthropogenic inputs.
Processes include weathering and erosion.
Phosphorus and nitrogen are both required for plant growth.
100
Which of the following best describes gross primary productivity in an ecosystem?
Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy captured by producers plus the energy used by consumers over time.
Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy captured by producers minus the energy that producers respire over time.
Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy lost as heat during energy transfer between trophic levels.
Gross primary productivity is the total amount of solar energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.
Gross primary productivity is the total amount of solar energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.
100
Identify a Primary Producer.
Algae or Seaweed
200
This biome contains plants that are adapted to prevent water loss due to the low average rainfall and high temperatures year-round.
1) Savanna
2) Boreal forest
3) Tropical rain forest
4) Desert
4) Desert
200
Where is the majority of fresh water found on Earth?
1) Groundwater
2) Ice caps and glaciers
3) Lakes
4) Oceans
2) Ice caps and glaciers
200
Which of the following pathways indicate how nitrogen is added to the largest nitrogen reservoir?
Denitrifying bacteria and volcanic activity
200
Which of the following best describes the net primary productivity of an ecosystem?
Net primary productivity is the amount of energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.
Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost by producers through respiration over time.
Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers subtracted from the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.
Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers added to the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.
Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers subtracted from the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.
200
Algae in an aquatic food chain convert solar energy into 93,000 kilocalories of plant tissue.
Which of the following values best represents the amount of energy available for primary consumers in the food chain?
9300 kilocalories
300
Which of the following best describes a parasitic relationship?
1) Striped bass and bluefish eat the same variety of mackerel.
2) Intestinal bacteria inhabit the gut of humans.
3) Mountain lions feed on white-tailed deer.
4) Marsupial animals carry their young in a pouch.
2) Intestinal bacteria inhabit the gut of humans.
300
The diagram below shows a simplified carbon cycle.
Based on the diagram above, which process most directly results in the storage of carbon as coal and oil over millions of years?
What is Decomposition?
300
The diagrams above show an area that was once a pasture that has since undergone changes to the vegetation over time. Which of the following changes in the hydrologic cycle is most likely to occur as a result of the change in vegetation in the area?
Increased infiltration
Increased runoff
Decreased transpiration
Decreased precipitation
Increased infiltration
300
Which of the following best describes the movement of energy in an ecosystem?
Energy is constantly recycled by decomposers for use by producers.
Energy is harnessed by producers, and available energy decreases with each trophic level transfer.
Energy is absorbed by plants through water and soil and then moves up the food chain through consumers.
Energy is magnified as it moves up the trophic levels, and tertiary consumers store the most energy in a food web.
Energy is harnessed by producers, and available energy decreases with each trophic level transfer.
300
In a given ecosystem, producers convert solar energy into 15,000kcal of chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Which of the following is the most likely amount of energy available to secondary consumers?
150 kcal
400
In a fish species, the number of eggs that hatch and survive for one year varies depending on the number of eggs that were produced. As the number of eggs produced increases past a threshold number, the survival rate of the offspring decreases. Which of the following statements best explains why only a limited number of offspring can survive in a fish population?
1) Resource partitioning allows similar species to coexist in the same ecological community.
2) The number of fish surviving after one year is proportional to the number of eggs produced.
3) The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings.
4) More yearling fish survive beyond one year when there is an abundance of prey species present.
3) The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings.
400
The diagram below shows a simplified carbon cycle.
Which of the following major storage reservoirs of carbon, stored in the form of carbon dioxide, is not represented in this diagram?
What is the ocean?
400
The diagram shows the amount of phosphorus measured in teragrams (1 teragram = 1×1012 grams), in the various reservoirs of the phosphorus cycle.
According to the diagram, the movement of phosphorus between biological organisms and soil is in a steady state in an undisturbed system. Which of the following best explains the reason for this steady movement?
Responses
Phosphorus is taken up by plants during photosynthesis to create carbohydrates.
A decrease in buffer zones prevents phosphorus runoff in waterways.
There is a rapid influx of phosphorus from the weathering of rocks.
Readily available organic phosphorus in the soil is assimilated by plants.
Readily available organic phosphorus in the soil is assimilated by plants.
400
Which of the following best explains why terrestrial trophic pyramids usually do not have levels higher than tertiary consumers?
Tertiary consumers are the largest organisms in an ecosystem and require the most space to survive.
Plants can only perform photosynthesis during the day, so tertiary consumers cannot get enough energy from consuming plants.
A large proportion of energy is lost as heat as it is transferred up the pyramid, so there is not enough energy available to support another level.
Tertiary consumers are often indicator species and are the first to be affected by environmental disturbances.
A large proportion of energy is lost as heat as it is transferred up the pyramid, so there is not enough energy available to support another level.
400
Algae in an aquatic food chain convert solar energy into 93,000 kilocalories of plant tissue.
Which of the following values best represents the amount of energy available for secondary consumers in the food chain?
930 kilocalories
500
Five different species of warblers, seed-eating birds, live in the same species of conifer trees. All of the birds migrate to coniferous forests during the summer, and different species reside in different areas in the same tree. They feed on the seeds of the conifer trees, but the different species do not mate with each other.
Which of the following best explains why the different warbler species can all have habitats in the same conifer trees?
1) Not all the warblers are residents in the forest at the same time of the year because of different migration patterns.
2) Physiological differences in beak structure allow the warblers to consume different species of seeds through symbiotic relationships.
3) Resource partitioning of the seeds reduces competition, and the five different species can live in the same tree.
4) Niche overlap occurs between the five different species, and living in the same tree increases competition for seeds.
3) Resource partitioning of the seeds reduces competition, and the five different species can live in the same tree.
500
The diagram below shows a simplified carbon cycle.
Based on the diagram above, which of the following processes reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
What is Photosynthesis
500
The diagram below represents the nitrogen cycle.
In the nitrogen cycle illustrated above, nitrification occurs in which of the following steps?
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 3
500
Scientists calculated the net primary productivity at two different forest sites. Both forests have the same gross primary productivity. Forest A has a net primary productivity of 1,650kcal/m2/year, and forest B has a net primary productivity of 1,110kcal/m2/year.
Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?
Forest A has a higher rate of decomposition by bacteria than forest B.
Forest A has more biodiversity than forest B.
Forest A producers have lower rates of cellular respiration than forest B producers.
Forest A producers have more biomass than forest B producers.
Forest A producers have lower rates of cellular respiration than forest B producers.
500
An aquatic food web includes the following organisms.
Identify a Tertiary Consumer
Common Seal or Herring Gull