Vocabulary
The measure of vertical distance
Height
Kinetic energy is energy due to ______________.
Motion
You can increase the gravitational potential energy of an object by ______________ its distance from Earth.
Increasing
All forms of energy are measured in units of ____________.
Joules (J)
What is the potential energy of an object that weighs 10 N that is lifted 10 meters above the ground? (and correct units)
100 joules
Anything that takes up space and can be weighed; has volume and mass
Matter
All ___________ objects have kinetic energy.
A cup is sitting on the top of a car. The cup has _________ energy
Potential
Energy is neither created nor destroyed. It is simply _________________ between objects.
Transferred
What is the potential energy of an 10 kg object that is suspended 20 meters above the ground? (and correct units)
1960 joules
The speed and direction of a moving object
Velocity
The combined total of the kinetic and potential energy in a system is called _____.
Mechanical energy
A spring or rubber band has ___________ potential energy.
Elastic
A roller coaster car is mechanically forced up a hill. Then, its potential energy is ____________ to kinetic energy as it goes downhill.
transferred, converted, changed
What is the acceleraion, due to gravity on Earth? (correct units)
9.8 m/sec 2
An object's distance and direction from a reference point
Position
A ball rolled down a steep hill. At which point on the ball's journey did it have the highest kinetic energy?
At the bottom of the hill.
Name 2 ways you can increase an object's potential energy.
-Increasing the mass
-Increasing its distance from Earth
-Other
A pendulum has what energy?
Mechanical Energy
Potential (at the top); Kinetic (when it's moving)
How fast would an object in free ball be traveling if it has been falling for 10 seconds? (correct units)
98 m/sec
The push or pull on an object with mass causes it to change its velocity.
Force
The relationship between mass and kinetic energy is a proportional, ___________ relationship.
Direct or linear
The amount of potential energy an object has depends on the _____________ of the object.
Position
As a ball moves downhill, its ____________ energy increases and its ____________ energy decreases.
Kinetic; Potential
What is the weight of a 5 kg object on Earth? (in Newtons)
49 Newtons