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People
Vocabulary 1
Compromises and Conflict
Documents
Vocabulary 2
100
English Philosopher who believed people were born with natural rights and that people created government to protect those rights. He also believed that if the government failed to protect those rights, the people were justified in rebelling.
Who was John Locke?
100
A loose union of independent states.
What is a confederacy?
100
This plan was favored by the large states, called for a two house (bicameral) legislature with two houses with representation in both based on population.
What was the Virginia Plan?
100
This was written in 1215 and was the first official document to establish the principle of limited government. King John was forced to sign this by English nobles. The document limited the powers of the monarch in many substantial ways.
What was the Magna Carta?
100
A system of government in which power is divided between the national and state governments. Each has sovereignty in some areas.
What is a federal system?
200
Often referred to as the father of the Constitution because he was the author of the basic plan of government that the Constitution provides for.
Who was James Madison?
200
Trade among/between states.
What is interstate trade/commerce?
200
This compromise settled the conflict between northern and southern states over whether enslaved people should count towards representation and taxation. The decision was that 3/5ths of enslaved people would count toward both taxation and representation.
What was the 3/5ths compromise?
200
This document was drafted in 1776 by a committee. It has four sections which explain the reasons for declaring independence from Britain and established the founding principles of the new nation.
What was the Declaration of Independence?
200
A form of democracy in which the head of state is not a king or a queen.
What is a republic?
300
The author of Common Sense.
Who was Thomas Paine?
300
Not permitted or governed by law.
What is extralegal?
300
This group of people were opposed to the Consitution because they feared a strong national government, believed that it took important powers from the states, did not like that it lacked a bill of rights, and believed it was extralegal because it was created in secret.
Who were the antifederalists?
300
This section of the Declaration of Independence lists the complaints of the colonies against the King.
What is the List of Grievances?
300
This means to approve.
What is ratify?
400
Colonial leader and wealthy merchant who was selected by the Second Continental Congress as president of the acting government of the colonies throughout the war. He was the first to sign the Declaration of Independence.
Who was John Hancock?
400
Another term for natural rights. The rights people are born with that cannot be taken away, denied, or transferred.
What are unalienable rights?
400
This plan was favored by the small states and called for a one house legislature (unicameral) with one vote for each state. It created a confederation of sovereign states.
What was the New Jersey Plan?
400
This was the first constitution of the United States following the Declaration of Independence. It continued the structure and operation of government that had been set up under the Second Continental Congress and created a confederation rather than a strong central government. Went into effect in 1781 and was replaced by the Constitution in 1787.
What is the Articles of Confederation?
400
A body of lawmakers - an official body, usually chosen by election, with the power to make, change, and repeal laws.
What is a legislature?
500
The principal author of the Delcaration of Independence.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
500
Published in 1776. This challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy. The plain language that was used spoke to the common people of America and was the first work to openly ask for independence from Great Britian.
What was Common Sense?
500
This compromise settled the dispute between large and small states over representation and created a two house legislature in which representation in the lower house (the House of Representatives) was based on population and representation in the upper house (the Senate) was equal-2 for each state.
What was the Connecticut Compromise?
500
The first of many colonial plans for self-government-written in 1620, pilgrims agreed to choose their own leaders and make their own laws.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
500
A tax placed on imported goods.
What is a tariff?