Skeletal system
Name the three types of joints
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Name the 3 types of muscles and state whether they are voluntary or involuntary
1. Cardiac- involuntary
2. Smooth- involuntary
3. Skeletal- voluntary
What is 55 x 60
3300
Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, plateletes
Describe the five functions of the respiratory system.
1.Brings air from the atmosphere into the lungs
2.Transfers oxygen into the blood
3.Removes carbon dioxide from the blood
4.Expels heat and water vapour in the air breathed out
5.Allows the vocal cords to create speech as air is breathed out
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system
Protection, Movement, Support/Framework, Production of red blood cells, Mineral storage
Name the muscle responsible for plantar flexion
Gastrocnemius
What is the name of Mr. Wright's dog?
Peaches
Name the blood vessels from smallest to largest
1. Capillaries
2. Veins
3. Arteries
Define tidal volume
Tidal volume is the amount of air inspired and expired with each breath. It is approximately 500 millilitres at rest, but can increase dramatically during exercise.
How many bones make up the vertebral column?
33
Which muscle fibre arrangement produces the greatest force?
Pennate
What does EPO stand for?
Erythropoietin
Erythropoietin
When measuring blood pressure, what is the term for the higher reading i.e. 120 over 80
Systolic pressure
Explain the process of gaseous exchange in the alveoli.
High concentration of O2 in the Alveoli moves into the in the capillary where there is a lower concentration of O2, to be pumped around the body.
High concentration of CO2 in the blood moves into the alveoli where there is low CO2 concentration to be expelled through expiration.
Name and provide an example of each type of bone.
Long: Femur
Short: Carpals
Flat: Cranium
Sesamoid: Patella
Irregular: Vertebrae
State the agonist/s, antagonist/s and stabilizer muscle/s during the pressing phase of a bench press
Agonist/s: Pectoralis major, triceps, deltoid
Antagonist/s: Latissimus dorsi, biceps
Stabilizers: Trapezius, abdominals, serratus anterior, gluteals
Are seals more closely related to dogs or bears? **Bonus points if you can name the family they belong to.
DOGS!
Order: Carnivora
Sub-order: Caniformia
Family: Pinnipedia
Calculate the cardiac output of someone who has a heart rate of 75 bpm and a stroke volume of 70 mL/beat
5.25 L/min
Describe the path that air travels from outside the body to the lungs.
•NASAL CAVITY
•PHARYNX
•LARYNX
•TRACHEA
•BRONCHI
•BROCNHIOLES
•ALVEOLI
State the bone that is on the medial side of the distal section of the leg
Tibia
Explain the all or nothing principle
When an electrical impulse reaches the muscle fibres of a particular motor unit it must be over a certain threshold to stimulate a contraction.
If the electrical impulse does not reach the threshold, nothing will happen.
When the threshold is surpassed, a contraction is stimulated and ALL fibres in the motor unit will contract MAXIMALLY and at the same time.
What is the capital of Iceland?
Reykjavik
Naming each strucutre, describe the pathway of blood flow through the heart and lungs.
Superior/inferior Vena Cava
Right atrium
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Alveoli/Capillary interface
Pulmonary vein
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta
Describe the role of the diaphragm and intercostals muscle during inspiration.
When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls downwards on the rib cage, expanding the volume of the chest cavity.
The intercostal muscles contract to help pull the rib cage outwards, increasing the size of the chest cavity.
The widening chest cavity decreases the air pressure inside the lungs, causing air from outside the body to be sucked into the chest cavity.