Civil War
This 1854 law let territories vote on whether to allow slavery, leading to "Bleeding Kansas"
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
This president was impeached for violating the Tenure of Office Act.
Who is Andrew Johnson?
This amendment defined who is a citizen, and guaranteed equal protection under the law
What is the 14th amendment?
This 1887 law broke up tribal lands and forced assimilation
the Dawes Act
This term describes the growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution.
What is urbanization?
These corrupt organizations controlled city governments in the Gilded Age.
What are political machines?
This belief that Americans had a divine right to expand westward across the continent.
What is Manifest Destiny?
His 1860 election led to the secession of several southern states from the Union
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
This 1863 document declared enslaved people in Confederate states, "forever free."
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
This group of Republicans wanted to punish the South and protect freedmen's rights
Who were the Radical Republicans?
These laws enforced racial segregation in the South
What are Jim Crow laws?
This was the last major clash between U.S. troops and Native Americans (1890)
What is the Wounded Knee Massacre?
This innovation by Henry Ford made cars affordable through mass production.
What is the assembly line?
He led New York’s Tammany Hall and became the face of political corruption.
Who is Boss Tweed?
This law required citizens in free states to return escaped enslaved people to their owners.
What is the Fugitive Slave Act?
These laws tried to control freed African Americans immediately after the war.
What are Black Codes?
General William Sherman used THIS brutal tactic to destroy the South's infrastructure.
What is total war/scorched earth?
This plan required only 10% of Southerners to swear loyalty to rejoin the Union.
What is Lincoln's ten percent plan?
A law that allowed people to vote only if their ancestors could vote before the Civil War
What is the grandfather clause?
This animal's extermination devasted the Plains tribes' way of life
What is the buffalo?
This business strategy controls every step of production (raw materials → sale).
What is vertical integration?
This 1882 law banned Chinese immigration to the U.S.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
A large business combination that reduced competition
What is a trust?
These northern newcomers moved South during Reconstruction.
Who are carpetbaggers?
This 1857 Supreme Court decision said enslaved people were property, not citizens.
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
This agency provided education, food, and aid to formerly enslaved people.
What is the Freedman's Bureau?
This deal ended Reconstruction and removed federal troops from the South
What is the Compromise of 1877?
This act gave settlers free land in the West but displaced Native peoples
What is the Homestead Act?
These organizations formed to protect workers’ rights and improve conditions.
What are labor unions?
Immigrants entering through New York Harbor were processed here.
What is Ellis Island?
This idea allowed settlers in new territories to vote on whether or not to allow slavery.
What is popular sovereignty?
This amendment protected African American males' right to vote
What is the 15th amendment?
This amendment abolished slavery in the United States
What is the 13th amendment?
These acts were passed to stop groups like the KKK from terrorizing voters.
What are the Enforcement Acts (1870, 1871)?
This system tied poor farmers to land and debt, keeping many African Americans in economic dependence.
What is sharecropping (debt peonage)?
This 1876 battle, also known as “Custer’s Last Stand,” was a major Native victory against U.S. forces.
What is the Battle of Little Bighorn?
This 1892 steelworker strike turned violent and weakened the labor movement.
What is the Homestead Strike?
This act replaced the spoils system with merit-based hiring for federal jobs.
What is the Pendleton Civil Service Act?
negotiations between unions and employers for better conditions
What is collective bargaining?
This Union general led the March to the Sea and later oversaw the Freedmen's Bureau
Who is William T. Sherman?