MATTER & STATES
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is an observation?
Information gathered using our senses or tools.
What is a particle?
A very small piece that makes up matter. Something small you can not see.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion or movement.
Water in a cup is which state of matter?
Liquid.
Name the three states of matter we have studied.
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What is evidence?
Information used to support a scientific claim or explanation.
What is a model?
Scientist use this to help explain or understand ideas.
What does particle movement mean?
The way particles move.
Air inside a cup is which state of matter?
Gas
A book, water in a bottle, and air inside a balloon are examples of what three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
During our cup investigation, a student wrote, “Cup A has more material in it than Cup B.” Is this an observation or evidence first?
An observation.
Why do scientists use models to study particles?
Particles are too small to see directly, so models help scientists represent and explain them.
True or False: Particles in matter are always moving.
True.
A student looks at a cup and records what they notice before deciding what it means. What science skill are they using?
Observation
A student says air cannot be matter because we cannot see it. What evidence proves the student wrong?
Air takes up space and has mass, so it is matter.
How can an observation from our cup investigation become evidence?
The observation becomes evidence when it is used to support a scientific claim or explanation.
A student draws circles to represent particles in matter. Why is the drawing a model instead of an observation?
The circles represent particles that cannot be directly observed with our eyes.
How are kinetic energy and particle movement connected?
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, so moving particles have kinetic energy.
A student claims, “Air inside this cup is matter.” Give one piece of evidence that supports the claim.
Air takes up space and has mass.
A solid, liquid, and gas behave differently. What do all three have in common?
They are all matter, are made of particles, have mass, and take up space.
A student says:Claim: Air is matter.
Evidence: A balloon gets larger when air is added.Explain why the evidence supports the claim.
The balloon gets larger because the air takes up space. Taking up space is one property of matter.
A particle model shows circles but does not show any movement. What could the student add to make the model better explain particle movement?
Arrows or another symbol showing how the particles are moving.
If particle movement increases, what can you infer about kinetic energy? Explain.
Kinetic energy increases because greater movement means more energy of motion.
A student makes a model of matter, records an observation, and uses that observation to support a claim. Explain how model, observation, and evidence are different.
A model represents an idea or object, an observation is information gathered using senses or tools, and evidence is information used to support a claim or explanation.