Ancient Civilizations
Name the 4 Ancient River Valley Civilizations we discussed in class
1). Ancient Egypt (Nile River)
2). Indus River Valley
3). Ancient China
4). Mesopotamia
"God" in the Arabic Language
Allah
How many times do you pray a day in the second pillar? Where do you face while you pray?
5 times a day, facing Mecca
Percentage of both Sunni and Shi'a Muslims (roughly) worldwide
Sunni: 85-90%
Shi'a: 10-15%
What modern-day country is Mecca in?
Saudi Arabia
What is the most recognizable law from Hammurabi's Code?
Eye for an Eye
"One who has Submitted"
Muslim
What city do you go to to complete "Hajj"
Mecca
There are several similarities between the two sects of Islam, list at least 3
Both read the Qu'ran
Both are monotheistic
Both believe Muhammad is the messenger to Allah
Both adhere to forms of Islamic Law
Both follow the 5 pillars
On a map, two cities are on top of each other. Which one is Mecca and which is Medina?
Medina on top
Mecca on bottom
What are the two cities that make up the Indus River Valley Civilization?
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
Muhammad's example of how to best live your life
Sunna
What is the "Profession of Faith" in the first Pillar of Islam
There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger to Allah
This sect of Islam believed that the successor to Prophet Muhammad should have been chosen by merit (qualifications), not familial relations
Sunni
List at least 3 similarities between the religions of Islam, Judaism, and Islam.
Monotheistic
Abrahamic religions
Jerusalem is a holy city to them
All have a holy book
All have a place of worship
There were 5 similar characteristics of Ancient River Valley Civilizations that we covered in class... name 3 of them
1). Job Specialization
2). Urban setting
3). Organized religion
4). Organized Government
5). Social Hierarchy
Muhammad's pilgrimage from Mecca to Medina
Hijrah
What is the percentage of income needed to fulfill "Zakat", what if you do not have a stable income?
2.5%
You can make items, clothing, food, or other goods to give back to the community
List 3 countries that are majority Sunni Muslims
Egypt
Saudi Arabia
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Turkey
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
Who were the first 4 successors to Prophet Muhammad. and what were they called?
1). Abu Bakr
2). Umar
3). Uthman
4). Ali
--> *Rightly-Guided Caliphs*
Explain the steps of the Dynastic Cycle, including what is arguably the most important aspect of this cycle.
New dynasty emerges; everything is good. People happy, peasants have land, no disease, surplus of food, new infrastructure built
Time goes on (decades or centuries)
Old Dynasty emerges; Taxes people too much, lets infrastructure decay, people treated poorly
*MANDATE OF HEAVEN*
--> God chooses whether you are fit to rule or not
Problems arise: Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods), Peasants revolt, invaders attack. Time for a new dynasty
Islamic Law
Sharia
Ramadan is 1 month long (either 29 or 30 days), depending on the moon
The Islamic calendar is lunar, which rotates the holiday every year.
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Yemen
Azerbaijan
While performing Hajj in Mecca, how many times are you supposed to walk around the Kaaba?
7