Perspectives
Examines internal mental processes such as thinking, memory, and problem-solving
What is cognitive perspective?
when people have too much faith in their own judgments or abilities, thinking they know more than they actually do
What is overconfidence?
research method in psychology that involves an in-depth examination of a single individual, group, or phenomenon
What is case study?
a measure of central tendency in statistics that represents the most frequently occurring value in a data set
What is mode?
are committees responsible for reviewing and approving research proposals to ensure that they meet ethical standards and protect the rights and welfare of research participants
What is IRB (Institutional Review Board)?
Considers how behavior and mental processes serve as adaptations for survival and reproduction
What is evolutionary perspective?
the process of repeating or reproducing a research study to determine if its findings can be consistently observed
What is replication?
scientific method used in psychology to examine the relationship between two or more variables
What is correlational research?
statistical measure used in correlational research to quantify the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables
What is correlational coefficient?
the process through which individuals voluntarily agree to participate in a research study after being provided with comprehensive information about the study's purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, and their rights as participants
What is informed consent?
Studies the physiological bases of behavior in humans and animals
What is biological perspective?
A measure or test is considered reliable if it produces consistent results when administered repeatedly under similar conditions
What is reliability?
a subset of individuals selected from a larger population in such a way that it accurately reflects the demographics, characteristics, and diversity of that population
What is representative sample?
a way to measure how spread out or close together numbers are in a group
What is standard deviation?
emphasizes the obligation of researchers to minimize risks and ensure the well-being of research participants throughout the study proces
What is protect participants from harm?
Focuses on observable behaviors and the ways they're learned through interaction with the environment
What is behavioral perspective?
subtle changes in the phrasing or wording of survey questions can influence respondents' interpretations and responses
What is wording effect?
the variable that the researcher deliberately changes or manipulates in an experiment
What is independent variable?
the majority of the data clusters on the left side, with the tail extending towards the right, suggesting the presence of outliers or unusually high values
What is positive skew?
this may involve misleading participants about the true purpose or nature of the study, the procedures involved, or the expected outcomes
What is deception?
Explores how unconscious drives, conflicts, and childhood experiences shape behavior
What is psychodynamic perspective?
refers to the tendency of individuals to respond in a manner that is viewed favorably by others or conforms to social norms, rather than providing honest or accurate answers
What is social desirability bias?
specifies how a researcher will measure and manipulate variables in a study
What is operational definition?
the likelihood that observed results in a research study are not due to chance
What is statistical significance?
providing participants with comprehensive information about the true nature, purpose, and procedures of a research study immediately after their participation
What is debriefing?