Chapter 1 - Welcome to Sports Psych
This part of the scientific method needs to be testable.
Hypothesis
This type of anxiety is a personality disposition that is stable over time.
Trait Anxiety
This occurs when an athlete is concerned about winning by any means, rather than reaching new levels of excellence.
Decompetition
A pat on the back, a smile, or saying, "Great job today!" are all examples of this type of reinforcement.
Social Reinforcement
Personality Psychology and Developmental Psychology fall under this domain.
Psychology Knowledge Domain
This role of the sport psychologist is to advance knowledge and share it through journal articles.
Research
Environmental demand, individual's perception of environmental demand, stress response, and behavioral consequences are the four steps in this process.
Stress Process
Basketball, Soccer, Football, and Baseball are examples of this type of sport.
Cooperative Means-Cooperative Ends
Giving a rest or playing a game instead of a drill are both examples of this type of reinforcement.
Activity Reinforcement
According to this, athletes perform best in different zones of state anxiety which occur within a range, rather than one specific point.
Individualized Zones of Optimal Functioning (IZOF)
This role of the sport psychologist is to teach university courses in psychology or exercise science.
Teaching
According to this theory, on well-learned skills, as an individual's arousal or state of anxiety increases, so does performance.
Drive Theory
The 100-Yard Dash and King of the Mountain are examples of this type of sport.
Competitive Means-Competitive Ends
Hearing a presentation from a professional athlete and attending a professional sports game are both an example of this type of reinforcement.
Special Outings
A basketball player is trying to figure out which teammate to pass the ball to, is distracted by the opposing team trying to block, and is acutely aware of the crowd cheering for the opposite team at an away game. He goes to pass the ball, but gets blocked and the opposing team runs down the court with the ball. This is an example of what?
This role of the sport psychologist is to work with athletes of all ages and abilities.
Consulting
According to this, athletes perform best at a specific physiological arousal point. Lower physiological arousal or higher physiological arousal outside of the "peak" results in low performance.
Inverted-U Hypothesis
Helping each other individually improve is an example of this type of sport.
Punishment should make up this percentage of reinforcement.
80-90%
Why should coaches be careful about using negative approaches to reinforcement?
It can instill fear in the athlete
Biomechanics, Motor Development, and Exercise Physiology fall under this domain.
Sport Science Knowledge
A quarterback is focused only on being able to pass the ball to the wide receiver and does not see the opposing team coming to tackle him. This is an example of what?
Attentional Field Being Too Narrow
Keeping a volleyball from hitting the ground is an example of this type of sport.
Cooperative Means-Cooperative Ends
When skills are high and challenge is high, this occurs.
Flow
This allows children to make decisions, manage relationships among peers, and learn important life lessons.
Unstructured Sport