Unit 1 Review

Concentration Units

100

Solutions are composed of two things __________ and ____________.

solute and solvent

200

What unit of concentration (Molarity/molality) do the freezing point depression and boiling point elevation equations use?

ΔT_f = i __K_f          Δ T_b = i __ K_b

molality (m)

300

What unit of concentration (Molarity or molality) does the osmotic pressure equation use?

π = i __ R T

Molarity (M)

400

What are the units of Molarity (include terms like solute/solvent/solution)

moles solute / Liters of solution

500

What are the units of molality? (include terms like solute/solvent/solution)

moles solute / kilograms of solvent

Intermolecular Forces

100

What is the strongest IMF present in:

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Dispersion Forces

200

What is the strongest force present in:

CH₃CH₂OH

Hydrogen-bonding

300

Rank the 4 intermolecular forces from weakest to strongest

(1 weakest) dispersion, (2) dipole-dipole, (3) hydrogen-bonding, (4 strongest) ion-dipole

400

Surface tension, viscosity, boiling + melting point, capillary action, and vapor pressure have relationships with IMF force strength. For each of these properties, write if they increase or decrease with increasing IMF strength

Surface tension: increase

Viscosity: increase

Boiling + melting point: increase

Capillary action: increase

Vapor Pressure: DECREASE

500

In water the (adhesive/cohesive) forces are strongest, leading to a (convex/concave) meniscus

adhesive, concave

Phase Changes (s, l, g)

100

Name the phase change of going from solid to gas

Sublimation

200

Write out whether each state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) has definite or indefinite volumes 

*remember I'm asking about volume NOT shape*

solid: definite 

liquid: definite 

gas: indefinite

300

ΔH_fusion is used for ______ and _______

ΔH_vaporization is used for ______ and ________

ΔH_fusion= melting and freezing

ΔH_vaporization=evaporation and condensation

400

Melting is an (endothermic/exothermic) process

endothermic

500

A negative slope on the solid-liquid equilibrium line means that the solid state of matter is (less/more) dense than the liquid state

Less dense (think of water!)

Kinetics

100

(True/False) Can temperature affect the rate constant (k)

True. Concentration of reactions CANNOT affect the rate constant

200

What order of reaction (zero/first/second) occurs when changing the concentration of reactant has NO EFFECT on the rate of the reaction

zero order

300

What is the overall order of this rate law:

rate=k[NO]²[O₃][H₂O]³

6 (2+1+3)

400

(True/False) You can determine the rate law of a reaction based on the coefficients of the balanced reaction

FALSE. The rate law can only be determined experimentally

500

rate= k[O₂]²[H₂O₂]⁰

(True/False) Doubling the concentration of H₂O₂ will double the rate of reaction

False. H₂O₂ is zero order, so it has no affect on the rate of reaction