Fertile Crescent
What two rivers are beside the Fertile Crescent?
Tigris and Euphrates
What did the Standard of Ur tell us about life in Sumer?
There was a time of war and a time of piece. The people had specialized jobs.
What is a civilization?
an organized society with similar religious beliefs, customs, and languages
What is the ancient writing system that used symbols?
Cuneiform
The first permanent settlers lived in _________________________________.
North America
What happened to the land when the rivers overflowed their banks?
The river left a layer of fine, rich silt good for farming.
What blue rock was the Standard of Ur made from?
Lapis Lazuli
Why was Mesopotamia called the cradle of civilization?
What did the early humans use to write on the tablets?
Reeds
The effect of settling in one place was that humans built __________.
permanent homes
What new technology helped farmers practice larger scale agriculture?
Irrigation
The Code of Hammurabi tells of the _____ and ______ of the land.
laws and punishments
What are the three characteristics of a civilization?
A carved stone records a gift of land from a king. What were these early forms of writing used for?
Land and property records
What did the domestication of animals provide humans with? 3 answers
reliable milk, food, and labor
The Fertile Crescent was a chunk of land between the ____________Sea and the __________ Gulf.
Mediterranean Sea and Persian Gulf
What was the Code of Hammurabi written on?
Stone pillars
What does the name Mesopotamia mean?
land between rivers
What was the most important achievement of Mesopotamian civilization?
Writing - because they were able to keep records for events, government, businesses, etc.
What was Beringia?
a land bridge that is no longer above water
The area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, on the east side of the Fertile Crescent, was called _____________.
Mesopotamia
What does an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth mean?
The punishment is the same as the crime. If someone removes a person's eye, then their eye will be removed also. If a tooth, then a tooth removed from the person who committed the crime will be taken as well.
What kind of lifestyle did Hunter-Gatherers live before establishing permanent settlements in Mesopotamia?
They lived a nomadic lifestyle.
What conclusion can be drawn about the cuneiform tablets and the symbols carved into them?
These tablets were used to record documentation for governments and businesses.
People in the Neolithic period had a specialized society that allowed for the development of what two jobs? (2 answers)