Atomic Structure
What are the three main subatomic particles found in an atom?
Protons, neutrons and electrons
What is an ionic bond?
A bond formed by the transfer of electrons.
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What are valence electrons?
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
Niels Bohr
In a neutral atom, what is the relationship between protons and electrons?
They are equal in number
MgO
Magnesium oxide
Give an example of an isotope of carbon
Carbon-14
How many valence electrons does oxygen have?
6 valence electrons
What does the Bohr model show?
How electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom
What is the charge of a neutron?
0 charge, neutral
What is the charge of a calcium ion?
2+
Their mass numbers (and number of neutrons)
Why are valence electrons important?
They determine how an atom will bond with other atoms.
What does a Lewis dot structure show?
The number of valence electrons in an atom
How do you find the number of neutrons in an element?
Mass number minus atomic number
How many oxygen ions would be needed to bond with one strontium ion?
1
Give an example of a use for an isotope
How many valence electrons are in krypton?
8 valence electrons
Which model would you choose to show how an atom bonds with another atom?
Lewis dot structure
Which subatomic particle determines the identify of an element?
Protons
How many of each ions would be needed to make a neutral ionic compound?
Rb + S
Rb2S
What is the mass of the isotope of sulfur with 18 neutrons?
mass = 34
What is the octet rule?
Atoms want to fill their valence shell with 8 electrons
What model would you use to show the full structure of an atom?
The Bohr Model