Cells and Organelles
This organelle is called the “powerhouse of the cell” because it makes ATP
mitochondria
Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have these small structures for making proteins.
ribosomes
Define homeostasis.
maintaining stable internal conditions
DNA similarity suggests two species share a common what?
ancestor
Define antibiotic resistance.
when some bacteria are not killed by antibiotics and survive
This organelle is where proteins are made
ribosome
Give two ways eukaryotes are different from prokaryotes
membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus
Which macromolecule do ribosomes synthesize?
proteins
Fossils provide this type of evidence for evolution.
evidence of how organisms changed over time
Define speciation.
formation of new species
This organelle modifies, packages, and ships proteins.
Golgi apparatus
Prokaryotes lack this structure
nucleus
Which two organelles work together to make and transport proteins?
the ribosomes and rough ER
A whale pelvis is an example of this type of structure
vestigial structure
What two factors drive biodiversity?
genetic variation and natural selection (environmental changes
Name one organelle found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
cell wall OR chloroplast
True or False – both prokaryotes and eukaryotes can make proteins. Explain why.
True, because both have ribosomes and DNA.
True or False: Homeostasis is only important for maintaining body temperature. Explain why.
False. It regulates many different factors
Human arms and bat wings are examples of what type of structure?
homologous structure
Why is antibiotic resistance considered evidence for evolution in action?
Because populations of bacteria change over time in response to environmental pressures (antibiotics), showing adaptation and evolution.