Carbohydrates
What is the main function of carbohydrates
Primary energy source
Function of lipids
Stuff
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino acids
What's the main function of nucleic acids?
Heredity, genetics
What's the term for "water loving" molecules
Hydrophilic
Name a common disaccharide.
Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
Number of hydrogens in the fatty acid tail
Explain primary structure of a protein
Order of amino acids
What is the sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
The synthesis or breakdown of organic molecules always involves which molecule?
Water
What will be the result of the dehydration synthesis of two monosaccharides?
A disaccharide and a water molecule
What is the difference between carbs and lipids
ratio of oxygen to hydrogen
What is the acronym for protein function
SHAPE
Which nucleotide is unique to RNA?
Uracil (U)
What is directly responsible for water's unique properties (cohesion, adhesion, capillary action)?
It forms hydrogen bonds (also will accept: it's polar)
Which type of carbohydrate is primarily used for short-term energy storage in animals?
Glycogen
What 4 monomers would make a triglyceride?
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Which level of protein structure is mostly determined by the R-groups and their chemical characteristics?
Tertiary structure *
While not used in genetics (it has another major role in living things), this molecule is classified as a nucleic acid due to containing phosphate(s), a nitrogen base, and a sugar.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
How does the high specific heat of water benefit living organisms?
It prevents our temperatures from fluctuating too much
What are the three types of polysaccharides
starch, glycogen, and cellulose
Which type of lipid is responsible for forming cell membranes?
Phospholipids *
What type of proteins help carry out (speed up chemical reactions)
Enzymes
What bases bond together
A-T; G-C
What does adding a functional group do to another molecule?
Imparts its characteristic (charge, polarity, structure)