Macromolecules
Describe the difference between a monomer and a polymer
Monomer- one subunit of a macromolecule
Polymer- Many monomers
What is the main function of enzymes?
To speed up chemical reactions
List the organs (in order) in the alimentary canal
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
What is the monomer and function of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides, store genetic information
Name ONE function of proteins
- Structure
- Antibodies
- Enzymes
What are the 4 Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
What type of macromolecule are enzymes
Protein
Explain Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
(Up to Ms. W)
What is the ratio of C:H:O in Carbs
1:2:1
What is the function of carbohydrates?
Quick short term energy
Polypeptides are strings of ______ connected by peptide bonds
+ 100 if you know what macromolecule this is a polymer of
Amino Acids
+100 for protein
What part of the enzyme do substrates bind to?
Active site
What is the function of the pancreas
To secrete enzymes into the small intestine and neutralize stomach acid
What macromolecule makes up the cell membrane
(+50 if you describe how they are arranged)
Lipids (phospholipid bilayer)
What chemical is released by the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid
Sodium bicarbonate
(baking soda)
What macromolecule are hormones
lipids
Enzymes lower _______________
Activation Energy
What 2 organs do both mechanical and chemical digestion
Stomach and mouth!
What macromolecule starts being digested chemically in the mouth
(+100 if you know the name of the enzyme that does this)
Carbs
(Amylase)
What is the name of the movement done by the esophagus to push food down
Peristalsis
How are carb rings and hormone rings different?
The ratio of C:H:O
Describe how protein structure is important to enzyme function and the 2 factors that affect it?
(Description of protein folding)
pH and Temp
What is the name of liquified food in the stomach
Chyme
What is the LAST macromolecule to get broken down in the digestive system, and where is that done?
Fats (Small intestine)
OR Carbs (fiber is a carb, by bacteria in the large intestine)
What is Ms. Wheeler's dog's name
Penny!