Ancient Influences
The principle that laws are applied equally to everyone and that no one is above the law.
The rule of law
1620: Established the first self-government in America and is an example of social contract.
The Mayflower Compact
18th century movement promoting representative government, social contract, natural rights, separation of powers
The Enlightenment
A government ruled by a king or a queen.
Monarchy
Term meaning the power of the government is restricted.
Limited Government
Term meaning a written plan of government
Constitution
1689: Established a Constitutional Monarchy in England, gave more power to Parliament, and protected individual rights.
The English Bill of Rights
Known for proposing the separation of powers in his book, The Spirit of Laws.
Montesquieu
A government ruled by one person who usually comes into power through force.
Dictatorship
Following established legal procedure before depriving anyone of rights
Due Process
Term meaning fair application and enforcement of laws.
Justice
Written in 1215, this "Great Document" limited the power of King John. Known for due process and right to a fair trial.
The Magna Carta
Known for advocating for a ruler with complete authority in his book, The Leviathan.
Thomas Hobbes
Type of government where people directly vote on laws.
Direct Democracy.
The three natural rights proposed by John Locke are
Life, liberty, and property
Term meaning a city-state. Greece had these and they encouraged civic participation.
Polis
What does consent of the governed mean?
The permission of the people that the government rules over. The power of the government comes from the people.
Known for proposing people are born with natural rights and social contract theory in his book, The Two Treatises of Government.
John Locke
Type of government where citizens vote for a representative.
Representative Democracy/Republic
A government with cruel, unrestricted power, arbitrary power.
Tyrannical Government/Tyranny
Rome is best known for developing which type of government?
Republic
The legislature in Great Britain.
Parliament
Concept of people agreeing to follow laws in exchange for protection of natural rights. If the government takes away rights, people can alter or create new government.
Social Contract Theory
Type of government where a few people hold power.
Oligarchy
Determined by chance or personal whim rather than reason.
Arbitrary