Types of Gov
A government in which the power to rule is held by a small, self appointed elite.
Oligarchy
________ is the division of power between the central government and lower levels of government.
Power distribution
Define natural rights
life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
The philosopher argued for a strong government (Monarchy) because people can be naturally evil
Hobbes
Define Unitary Government
A unitary government is a centralized government where power is held by one central agency.
Government where a monarch (King/Queen) rules the country, gaining power by inheritance (birth) and has all political authority.
Monarchy
In this type of government most power belong to the regional government
Confederal
Rousseau book that argus people give power to government as needed to promote the well being of all which is decided by the general will.
The Social Contract
Name the 4 enligh philosophers that influenced the declaration of independence
Rousseau; Locke; Hobbes; Montesquieu
Define Declaration of Independence
is the founding document of the United States.
In this type of government power is divided between the central government and state governments.
Federal
In this type of Government power belongs to the people
Democracy
Name 2 forms of Government where: 1. People themselves formulate public policy and 2. A group of representatives chosen by the people fomulate public policy
Direct and Indirect Democracy
The philosopher ___________ argued for the sepration of powers which means ______________.
Montesquieu; dividing government into branches with different responsibilities to protect freedom
Define Limited Government
a political principle where government power is restricted by law,
An alliance of independent states where the central government only has the powers that the states assign to it.
Confederal
A disadvantage of this government is that it may not understand its citizens needs
Unitary
The Magna Carta established the King should do what?
Montesquieu’s book arguing for separation of powers.
The Spirit of the Laws
Define Petition of Right (1628)
An English document stating the king could not raise taxes without Parliament’s approval or imprison people without a legal reason, reinforcing limited government.
A system of shared powers in which the executive and legislative branches have separate powers is a _____________________
Presidential Democracy
A weakness of this government is that conflict arises between the two levels of government
Federal
What year was the Declaration of Independence written?
1776
In _________________ Locke says people are born with natural rights (life, liberty, and property). If government doesn't protect these rights the people have the right to change the government.
The Second Treatise on Government
This Document that clearly limited the power of the English monarch and guaranteed important rights, including free speech
English Bill of Rights (1689)