Unit 1 Revision

Cell Structure

100

Which organelles are only found in plant cells?

Chloroplasts

200

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Controlling the entry and exit of materials

300

What is produced by ribosomes?

Proteins 

400

Name the basic unit of life

Cells 

500

Name the site of photosynthesis 

Chloroplasts 

Transport across cell membranes

100

Define the term Osmosis 

The movement of tiny water molecules from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration across a membrane 

200

What will happen when plant cells are placed in distilled (pure) water?

They will become turgid

300

What are the two main components of cell membranes?

Phospholipids and proteins

400

Define the term diffusion 

Movement of molecules of a substance from a region of high concentration of that substance to a region of low concentration until the concentration becomes equal. 

500

A glucose molecule diffuses out of a cell through the selectively permeable cell membrane. What is this an example of?

Passive transport

DNA & Protein synthesis

100

How many strands is a normal DNA molecule composed of?

2

200

Which base does the DNA base A normally pair up with?

T

300

In which cell structure are proteins assembled?

Ribosomes 

400

What does DNA carry genetic information for?

To make proteins

500

Write the complementary code...

ATGCCCTATATT

TACGGGATATAA

Genetic Engineering

100

What are plasmids made of?

DNA

200

What is transferred from one organism to another in the process of genetic engineering? 

Enzymes

DNA

Proteins

DNA

300

What is the name of the structure found in bacterial cells into which genes can be inserted?

Plasmid 

400

During genetic engineering what is used to cut the required gene out of the chromosome?

Enzymes 

500

Which sequence of events occurs in the process of making genetically modified bacteria? 

Extraction of required gene → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells

Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene

Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene

Extraction of required gene → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells

Respiration

100

A full break down of glucose produces how many ATP?

38 ATP

200

In which part of a cell is the most ATP produced?

Mitochondria 

300

What is the end product of the first stage of aerobic respiration?

Pyruvate

400

Name the two types of respiration

Aerobic and Fermentation 

500

Draw the pathway for fermentation in animal cells

Glucose --> Pyruvate ---> Lactate