Fossils
Identification
Moh's Hardness Scale
Soils
Going Through Changes
100

A fish fossil is discovered in an area that is now dry land. What does this suggest was once there?

Water

100

Carl had two minerals that looked a lot alike. They were the same color and texture. What property would help Carl figure out if the two minerals were the same?

 A. size
B. shape
C. weight
D. hardness 

D
Hardness will allow Carl to tell if the minerals are alike

100

Which mineral will scratch or break a diamond?

  1. Corundum

  2. Topaz

  3. Fluorite

  4. No Mineral will scratch a diamond.

No Mineral will scratch a diamond.

100

Which is NOT a kind of soil?
clay
mineral
loam
sand

Mineral

100

Rocks found in rivers are often smooth. Why is this?


A. animals in the river smooth down the rocks for shelter
B. water flows over the rocks and wears away the rough edges
C. water chills the rocks causing the rocks to freeze into smooth shapes
D. wind near rivers is strong enough to blow away the rocks rough edges

B. water flows over the rocks and wears away the rough edges

200

A fossil of an ocean organism is discovered on land. Which is the best explanation?

A. The organism walked onto land.

B. The area may have been underwater long ago.

 C. Fossils can only form on land.

 D. The scientist must have made a mistake.

B. The area may have been underwater long ago.

200

Tommy found a mineral and wants to know what kind it is. What is one thing Tommy can check to help figure it out? 

A. hardness

B. weight 

C.  Temperature 

D. length 

A. hardness

200

Which mineral on the chart is the softest or easiest to break?

  1. Calcite

  2. Feldspar

  3. Talc

  4. Topaz

Talc

200

The best soil in which to grow plants is

forest soil.
desert soil.
beach soil.
rocky soil. 

forest soil

200

After a hurricane the size of the affected beach is not as large. Which answer explains the reason why this happens?

A. the ocean level is higher
B. the pollution covers the sand
C. erosion of sand by wind and rain
D. hurricane rain water covers the sand 

C. erosion of sand by wind and rain

300

After minerals fill the organisms bones,  what happens next?

Sediment turns to rock

300

Sara found something on the ground. It was heavy, and had many colors. When Sara hit the object with a hammer, it did not break. She could also see two different kinds of crystals in the object.

What did Sara find?
a rock
a fossil
a mineral
some sand

Sarah found a rock. She knew it was a rock because it had crystals in it. Crystals are MINERALS.

300

Which mineral on the chart will scratch feldspar?

  1. Gypsum

  2. Fluorite

  3. Apatite

  4. Quartz

Quartz

300

Soil is made up MOSTLY of
nitrogen.
weathered rock.
water.
air.

weathered rock

300

Susan found some very smooth, round rocks near a small stream. What caused Susan's rocks to be weathered in this way?

a. wind
b. moving water
c. acid in the water
d. fish in the stream

b. moving water

400

A student finds two fossil layers.

Top layer: land-animal fossils

 Bottom layer: water-organism fossils

What evidence suggests that the environment changed over time?

The bottom layer contains organisms that lived in water, while the top layer contains land organisms. This provides evidence that the environment was different when those organisms lived there.

400

Mrs. Dodge's class is studying minerals. To find the name of each mineral, the student must know

 A. the shape of the mineral.
B. the size of the mineral.
C. the color of the mark made on a tile.
D. the weight of the mineral.

C. the color of the mark made on a tile.

400

Which mineral on the chart is hard enough to scratch topaz?

  1. Feldspar

  2. Calcite

  3. Corundum

  4. Gypsum

Corundum

400

Soil is a mix of materials. Which is NOT a part of soil in nature?
dead plants
dead animals
rock pieces
plastic pieces

plastic pieces

400

Which of these carries away the most soil?

Fires
Floods
Earthquakes
Volcanoes

Floods

500

List the order of how a fossil is formed. 5 steps…

  1. Dinosaur dies and is buried

  2. Sediment builds up

  3. Minerals fill the bones

  4. Sediment turns to rock

  5. A fossil is discovered

500

Which test is used to show the hardness of minerals found in certain rocks?
A. scratch test
B. streak test
C. smell test
D.shininess test

A- Scratch tests show how easy it is to break.

500

Which mineral on the chart is too weak to scratch calcite?

  1. Feldspar

  2. Quartz

  3. Diamond

  4. Gypsum

Gypsum

500

Mike took a road trip. During the trip, Mike noticed the ground began to look red. Which type of soil was Mike MOST LIKELY looking at? 

clay
loam
sand
humus 

Clay

500

Kate wanted to plant some flowers for her mother. She found a bag of soil in the shed. It was light tan, had big, coarse grains, and when she poured water over it, the water ran right through the soil.

What kind of soil did Kate MOST LIKELY find? 

clay
loam
sand
potting soil

Sand