Characteristics
of Life 🧬
of Life 🧬
Name three characteristics of life.
Made of Cells
Reproduce
Grow & Develop
Respond to Stimuli in the Environment
Maintain Homeostasis
Use Energy
Have Genetic Material
Evolve as a Group
Define ecology.
Study of interactions between organisms and environment
Original source of energy for most ecosystems.
Sun
Shape of exponential growth curve.
J
A testable explanation or prediction.
Hypothesis
The process plants use to return water vapor to the atmosphere.
Transpiration
Difference between primary and secondary succession.
Primary = start with no soil
Secondary = soil present at the start
Name the type of symbiosis: Tick on a dog
Parasitism
Maintaining stable internal conditions.
Homeostasis
Largest level of ecological organization.
Biosphere
Process used by producers to make glucose.
Photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Which type of curve/growth represents how ACTUAL populations grow under REAL conditions?
Logistic or S-curve
What is a constant in an experiment?
A factor kept the same in all groups
Why are cycles important to ecosystems?
They recycle matter/nutrients
Which succession happens after a volcanic eruption?
Primary
What type of symbiosis benefits both species?
Mutualism
Give one example of a unicellular organism and one multicellular.
Bacteria & Human
Biome with permafrost.
Tundra
Role that breaks down dead organisms.
Decomposers
Maximum population an environment can support.
Carrying capacity
Variable that is changed on purpose.
Independent variable
Which cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration?
Carbon
Which succession happens after a forest fire?
Secondary
A small organism attaches to a whale to get a free ride but does not harm the whale. What relationship is this?
Commensalism
Which characteristic explains why offspring resemble parents?
Have DNA/genetic code
Biome with greatest biodiversity.
Tropical rainforest
Grass→Mouse→Snake→Hawk. What trophic level is the hawk?
Tertiary consumer
Example of a density-dependent limiting factor.
Competition, predation, disease, etc.
Type of graph used to illustrate change that occurs over a period of time.
Line
Why are bacteria important in the nitrogen cycle?
They convert nitrogen into forms plants can use
What do we call the first organisms to appear in primary succession? Give an example.
Pioneer species (lichens, mosses)
What type of interaction is wolf hunting deer?
Predator-prey
Which characteristic explains long-term change in populations?
Evolve as a group
Give one example of an ABIOTIC factor in the DESERT.
🌞 Sunlight/Intense heat
🌡️ High temperature
💧 Low rainfall / water scarcity
🪨 Sandy or rocky soil
💨 Wind
WHY is energy lost at each trophic level, AND how much energy is PASSED to the next level?
Used for life processes & lost as heat.
Only 10% is passed to the next level.
Do density-independent limiting factors tend to be ABIOTIC or BIOTIC? Give an example of a density-independent limiting factor.
ABIOTIC - Natural disasters, weather, human activity
Why is a control group important?
Baseline for comparison
Which cycle does not include the atmosphere?
Phosphorus cycle
What is the final stable community called?
Climax community
Give a real-world example of parasitism (not tick/dog).
Ex: Tapeworm in human, mistletoe on trees