Purposes and types of defs
A definition that reduces vagueness is...
What is a precising definition?
A term that is more general, broad, or abstract than the original term.
What is a genus?
The sum of all individual objects to which a term applies.
What is extension?
defining a word using another word with the same or similar meaning
What is defining by a synonym?
A dog is an animal.
rule #3: not too narrow or too broad
A definition that gives meaning to a new or newly used word is...
A term that is more specific, narrow, or concrete than the original term.
What is a species?
the sum of all the common attributes of a term
What is intension?
"Noble gases = neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon." What method is being used?
What is defining by example?
chick: juvenile poultry
rule #4: cannont be unclear or figurative
A scientist defines a concept according to a particular theory about what that concept really is.
What is a Theoretical definition?
What is this species, genus?
species: yogurt
Pasteurized dairy
What is the extension of "fruit"?
Individual members of the category like: apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries.
defining the term by it's larger category and how its different from every other species
What is defining by genus and difference?
salad: not a main dish and not a dessert
rule #5: stated positively if possible
Write the lexical definitions of: point
location in space
essential meaning
instant in time
sharp end
unit of scoring in a game
to give a particular direction to
If you add more characteristics to a term, does its category generally become larger or smaller? Explain.
Smaller. Adding characteristics makes the term more specific, reducing the number of things that fit into it.
arrange the terms in order of increasing extension:
banquet, dinner, formal dinner, meal, wedding banquet
wedding banquet, banquet, formal dinner, dinner, meal
Define "musical" by genus and difference
a musical is a live-action production whose story is primarily told through song and dance
to think: to think about something
rule #2: circular reasoning
Write a persuasive definition for the term:
Westernization
Pro: The voluntary process of modernization through the adoption of values like: rule of law, science, and democratic governance.
Anti: Modernized oppressive colonialism where the ideals of capitalism and globalization undermine local customs and values.
put these terms in their correct places:
old testament book, book of the bible, minor prophet, Jonah, Romans, Hebrews, Epistles, Gospel, Matthew, Luke, Genesis, Pentateuch, New testament book
book of the bible
OTB-
pent--genesis
minor prophet-- jonah
NTB-
Gospel-- matt, luke
Epistle-- romans, hebrews
Arrange the terms in decreasing intension...
body, celestial body, gas giant, Jupiter, planet
jupiter-- gas giant-- planet-- celestial body-- body
define "ghost" by genus and difference
the soul of a dead person
to shake: a rapid back and forth motion
rule #6: wrong part of speech
(adjective)
correct: to move back and forth or up and down with quick, short, and often irregular movements