Exploration and Colonization
What year was Jamestown colonized?
What was the primary reason colonists settled Jamestown?
What saved Jamestown?
1607
Economic Profit
Tobacco
What body of water bordered the 13 colonies?
What mountain range was west of the colonies?
Atlantic Ocean
Appalachian Mountains
Name THREE cash crops grown on Southern plantations
Tobacco
Rice
Indigo
Cotton
Name the THREE colonial examples of representative government or self-government.
Mayflower Compact
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Virginia House of Burgesses
Which religious group found refuge in Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Where did the Pilgrims settle?
Puritans
Plymouth Colony
Who settled Plymouth?
What year did they arrive?
Why did they establish Plymouth Colony?
Pilgrims
1620
To practice religion without persecution
Describe the climate and geography of the New England Colonies?
Cold climate, rocky/poor soil (not ideal for agriculture)
What was the main economic activity of the Southern Colonies? What were their large farms called?
Agriculture
Plantations
What did the Mayflower Compact establish?
Where was it created?
Self-government and a civil body politic
Plymouth Colony
Which religious group found refuge in Maryland?
What freedom were they seeking?
English Catholics
Religious freedom
What country focused on the fur and pelt trade?
What country established Catholic missions?
France
Spain
Describe the Middle Colonies using THREE characteristics.
Moderate/mild climate, hills, rich soil, forests, rivers
What THREE economic industries developed in New England because of its geography and climate?
Fishing, shipping, and whaling
What were the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
The first written constitution (plan for government) in the colonies. It stated there would be elected lawmaking representatives.
What were the large Southern farms called?
What kind of labor did they increasingly depend on?
Plantations
Cash crops
Enslaved labor
What is mercantilism?
What is the relationship between the mother country and its colonies?
Economic system where colonies made the mother country rich by providing raw materials to the mother country.
The colonies gave raw materials to the mother country and the mother country sold finished goods back to the colonies.
Describe the Southern Colonies using THREE characteristics.
Hot/warm climate, long growing season, fertile soil, marshes
Name at least THREE economic activities associated with the Middle Colonies.
Lumber, mining, grain farming, artisans (skilled workers)
What was the Virginia House of Burgesses?
The first form of representative government in the colonies with an elected lawmaking body
Lord Baltimore, Thomas Hooker, and Roger Williams each helped establish a colony connected to greater religious freedom. Name the colony associated with each man.
Lord Baltimore → Maryland
Thomas Hooker → Connecticut
Roger Williams → Rhode Island
Describe the MAIN reason each country explored and colonized North America:
France
Spain
England
France: to establish a successful fur and pelt trade
Spain: to spread religion by establishing Catholic missions
England: to search for gold and economic resources
Give one characteristic for each of the THREE colonial regions: New England, Middle, and Southern.
New England: cold climate, rocky soil, deep harbors
Middle Colonies: moderate climate, hills, forests
Southern Colonies: hot climate, fertile soil, marshes
How did New England colonists adapt their economic activities to their physical environment?
New England: the rocky soil and cold winters made agriculture difficult, so they did things like fishing, shipping/shipbuilding, and lumber
Describe how salutary neglect led to the growth of representative government in the colonies.
Because Great Britain interfered very little/was too far away from colonial government, colonists started making their own laws and governing themselves.
Where did these groups land?
Pilgrims
Quakers
Catholics
Debtors/convicts
Pilgrims -- Plymouth, Mass
Quakers -- Pennsylvania
Catholics -- Maryland
Debtors -- Georgia