Computer Hardware Terms
This term refers to the physical components that make up a computer system.
What are Hardware Components?
This type of network covers a small geographic area, such as a home, school, or office building.
What is LAN (Local Area Network)?
This function of a computer involves executing tasks according to instructions provided by software.
Processing
Name the four main parts of a computer system.
Monitor, CPU, Keyboard, Mouse.
What do MB, GB, and TB stand for in computer storage?
MB: Megabyte, GB: Gigabyte, TB: Terabyte
What is the purpose of a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) in a computer?
To process and render graphics for display on the monitor.
Name two common types of network cables used for wired connections.
Ethernet and Fiber-optic cables.
What does the acronym "CPU" stand for, and what is its function in a computer system?
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, and its function is to carry out instructions and perform calculations for running programs and processes.
Identify three different types of ports commonly found on computers.
USB, HDMI, VGA.
Differentiate between system software and application software.
System software manages the hardware and provides a platform for running application software, while application software performs specific tasks for users.
Identify two types of computer memory and their respective functions.
RAM (Random Access Memory) - Temporary storage for running programs and data; ROM (Read-Only Memory) - Permanent storage for firmware and system software.
Name three types of internet connections and describe each.
Dial-up; High-Speed Connection; Satellite
Identify two input devices and two output devices commonly used with computers.
Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse. Output devices: Monitor, Printer.
What are adapter cards and how do they enhance a computer's functionality?
Adapter cards enhance a computer's functionality by adding new features or capabilities (e.g., Sound card, Network card).
What does the term "bandwidth" refer to in computer networking?
Bandwidth refers to the maximum data transfer rate of a network or internet connection, typically measured in bits per second (bps) or megabits per second (Mbps).
What does CPU stand for and what is its function?
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, which carries out instructions and performs calculations.
Define LAN and WAN and explain the difference between the two.
LAN (Local Area Network) covers a smaller geographic area than WAN (Wide Area Network). LAN is typically confined to a single building or site, while WAN covers a larger geographical area.
Explain the difference between primary storage and secondary storage in a computer system.
Primary storage is volatile and used for temporary storage (e.g., RAM), while secondary storage is non-volatile and used for long-term storage (e.g., HDD, SSD).
What are the components typically found inside a computer?
Inside a computer case, you typically find the CPU, motherboard, RAM, storage devices (HDD/SSD), power supply unit (PSU), and various cables/connectors.
Explain the concept of cloud computing and its advantages.
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services, including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and more, over the internet (the cloud). Advantages include scalability, cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and flexibility.
Define what a motherboard is and its significance in a computer system.
The motherboard is a circuit board that holds many crucial components of the system, including the CPU, memory, and connectors for input and output devices.
What is the primary function of a firewall in network security?
It prevents unauthorized access to a network.
Define what a file system is and explain its role in organizing data on storage devices.
A file system is a method used by operating systems to organize and store data on storage devices such as hard drives and SSDs. It manages file creation, deletion, and access, as well as directory structures and file metadata.
What are the primary differences between desktop and laptop computers, and what factors should be considered when choosing between them?
Desktop computers are typically larger, more powerful, and customizable, with better cooling and upgradeability options. Laptops are portable, compact, and come with built-in displays and batteries. Factors to consider include performance requirements, mobility needs, budget, and intended use cases.
Explain the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) and provide 3 examples of AI applications in various industries.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, typically through the use of algorithms and data. Examples of AI applications include virtual assistants (e.g., Siri, Alexa), self-driving cars, recommendation systems, and medical diagnosis systems.