Macromolecules
What is the Monomer of Proteins
Amino Acids
Enzymes Lower...
Activation Energy
The function of the small intestine
- Break down food with enzymes
-Absorb nutrients
The 6 Main Elements that make up life
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
What do salivary glands produce?
Saliva
What is one of the kinds of lipid polymers, and what is its function?
Phospholipid- Make up cell membranes
Triglycerides- Long term energy storage
Wax- Waterproofing
Steroids- Make up hormones
Enzymes are a,... (What kind of macromolecule)
Protein
Explain Peristalsis
Muscle contractions of the esophagus that pushes food down
Reactants
What is the chemical formula for the most common carb monomer, what is its name
Glucose
C6H12O6
What is the monomer and polymer of carbs?
Monosaccharide and Polysaccharide
Enzymes end in these three letters...
Give an example
ASE
Catalase, amylase, lactase
Name the 3 accessory organs and explain their function
Liver- Produces Bile
Gallbladder- Stores Bile
Pancreas- Produces enzymes and sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid
Why is carbon so important to life?
It can make 4 stable bonds, as well as double bonds. It can bond with itself and other elements
What would reverse peristalsis mean?
Throwing up, or going up the esophagus
What is the function of proteins, and what determines the function?
Antibodies, enzymes, gene expression, structure
The folding/ structure determines the function
(Bonus 100 points if you mention the R group and R group interactions)
Where on a graph would the "optimum" pH or Temp for an enzyme be?
The peak of the curve (match that with the X axis value to find the optimum temp/ pH).
Name 2 parts of the digestive system that use mechanical digestion and explain how.
Mouth- the teeth chew and grind food
Stomach- The walls of the stomach churn and physically break apart food
The head of a phospholipid is hydrophilic, what does this mean?
It loves water, and can interact with water and other polar substances
What is the name for the arrangement of lipids to make up a cell membrane?
Phospholipid Bilayer
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide
Phosphate group, Pentose Sugar, and a Nitrogenous base
Explain what happens to an enzyme's active site when it is out of its desired pH or Temp Range
The enzyme will denature, changing the shape of the active site, meaning the enzyme cannot function because the substrate cannot properly bind
What is the name of the enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch?
Amylase
Why are unsaturated fats called "unsaturated"
(Hint, think of how many H there are)
Because carbon can only make 4 bonds, when unsaturated fats have the double bond, the two C's involved cannot have the extra H. So, there is less H meaning it is not saturated (with H)
What is Ms. Wheeler's Dog's name?
Penny!