Mesopotamia & Egypt
Which rivers supported Mesopotamian civilization?
The Tigris and Euphrates.
What were the two main cities of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Mohenjo‑Daro and Harappa.
Which monotheistic religion emerged from Persia and focused on the concept of good/evil and free will.
Zoroastrianism
Where did the Bantu migration begin?
West Africa, near Nigeria/Cameroon.
What concept justified dynastic rulers’ authority?
Mandate of Heaven
What predictable natural event helped stabilize Egyptian society?
Regular flooding of the Nile
Why do historians know less about the Indus Valley civilization?
Their writing has not been deciphered.
What set of principles is considered the basis of Judeo-Christian Ethics?
The Ten Commandments
What technology helped the Bantu spread agriculture?
Iron tools
Which philosophy viewed humans as selfish and supported harsh laws?
Legalism.
Which Mesopotamian structure served as the religious/political center of a city‑state?
Ziggurat
What caused Ashoka to convert to Buddhism?
Guilt after a violent war of conquest (Kalinga).
What are the core Hindu concepts of reincarnation governed by moral action?
Karma, Dharma, and Moksha.
What crop supported early Mesoamerican agriculture?
Maize (Corn)
Name two major achievements of the Qin Dynasty.
How did differences in flooding patterns shape each region’s religious outlook?
Mesopotamians viewed their gods as unpredictable, while Egyptians saw theirs as benevolent due to the Nile’s reliability.
Name two advancements occurred under the Gupta.
Decimal system, use of zero, crystalized sugar, woven cotton, smallpox inoculation
What did Siddhartha Gautama reject from Hindu society? (two possible answers)
Caste system and pantheon of gods
What civilization is known for giant stone head monuments?
Olmecs
What practice was used by the Han dynasty to ensure bureaucratic workers were qualified to work for the government?
Civil Service Exam
Name TWO political differences between Egypt and Mesopotamia.
Name one major effect of Ashoka’s rule on world religion.
He spread Buddhism through edicts and support for missionaries.
Name two of the five core Confucian relationships:
What happened to the Olmec Civilization?
Unsure, likely assimilated into neighboring societies, influenced the Mayas
Name two early belief systems emerged in China during the Shang/Zhou periods
Daoism, Animism (ancestor worship), Confucianism