Formal Vocabulary Words
What does the word Archaeology mean?
The study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and analysis of artifacts and other physical remains.
What type of societies did early humans have in the Paleolithic era?
A Hunter-Gatherer Society
Where is Mesopotamia located?
It is located in the fertile crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates river in modern-day Iraq.
What was Babylon known for?
They were known for art and agriculture, the most famous of which was the Hnaging Gardens of Babylon which was one of the ancient world wonders.
What was the time where there were no written records?
Prehistory.
What does cultural diffusion mean?
the process by which ideas, behaviors, and cultural traits spread from one group to another, either within the same culture or across different cultures
What does provide for early humans?
It provided warmth, protection from animals, better health, longer life span, cooked food (less likely to get salmonella), and it allowed people to gather and start interacting more.
What does the word Mesopotamia mean?
It means "the land between the rivers."
What is Hammurabi's Code?
Who were the first people to discover how to work iron to make tools and weapons?
The Hitties.
What does Agriculture mean?
the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products
What are some stone tools that were invented?
What were ziggurats?
Ziggurats were massive stepped towers on which a temple was built and dedicated to the chief god or goddess of that city.
If someone of the lower class committed a crime against someone of a higher class the punishment would be very severe compared to if they were in the same social class. Those of higher rankings would not have very bad punishments because of their status and money.
Who created the first library and kept written records of past peoples they've defeated?
The Assyrians.
What does the word civilization mean?
a complex culture in which large numbers of people share a number of common elements such as social structure, religion, and art
Where did the earliest humans originate and then travel to?
They originated in Africa and then spread all around the world.
What was the type of government within Sumer?
Who led the northern Sumer city states to unity? And how?
Sargon the Great by military campaigns.
What was the first monotheistic religion that continued to exist?
Judaism.
What is the formal definition of City-State?
a state with political and economic power over the surrounding countryside. Often includes one large city, multiple smaller villages and towns, and vast farmland
Predict what the development of language and fire might lead to in human societies.
It could lead to religions developing, more communication, a government could form, agricultural advances, etc.
What was the first writing system?
It was cuneiform.
What does the Code of Hammurabi reveal about society in Mesopotamia under the Babylonian Empire?
It reveals the society was strict and tried to maintain order. But they sought to benefit those of a higher class in society rather than lower ones because those in the upper class were respected and well known.
Who revolutionized trade by charting new routes in the Mediterranean Sea and building ships that could travel on it? And what were some of those ships?
The Phoenicians revolutionized trade. And some ships were warships. long distance trade/transport ships, and short distance trade or fishing ships.