Big Business & Industry
Who was the steel magnate who used vertical integration to dominate the industry?
Andrew Carnegie
Labor Unions were founded in response to what?
Poor working conditions in factories
Who controlled the corrupt political machine at Tammany Hall in NYC?
Boss Tweed
What is the belief that native-born Americans should be favored over immigrants?
Nativism
What was the belief that the wealthy had a duty to use their money to help society, promoted by Andrew Carnegie?
The Gospel of Wealth/Philanthropy
What was the first federal law to outlaw monopolies and trusts?
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Who created the lightbulb and why is it so historically significant?
Thomas Edison. Work could start earlier and go later
What 1883 law ended the “spoils system” by requiring government jobs to be based on merit?
Pendleton Civil Service Act
What housing situation often forced immigrant families to live in crowded, unsafe conditions?
Tenement Housing
What 1887 law divided Native American lands into private plots in an attempt to assimilate them?
The Dawes Act
What business tactic involves controlling every step of production, from raw materials to sales?
Vertical Integration
What invention by Alexander Graham Bell transformed communication in the late 1800s?
The Telephone
Political bosses like Boss Tweed ran rampant during the Gilded Age -- What were the things they ran called?
Who was the photographer who exposed urban poverty in his book How the Other Half Lives?
Jacob Riis
What act in 1862 gave settlers 160 acres of free land in the West if they farmed it for five years?
The Homestead Act
John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company was an example of what kind of business practice?
Monopoly/trust
What was the last major armed conflict between Native Americans and the U.S. Army in 1890?
The Wounded Knee Massacre
How did the government handle the abuses and unfair practices of the rail system?
The passing of the Interstate Commerce Act
Why were Irish Immigrants heavily discriminated against?
They were Roman Catholic
The Cattle Industry boomed during the Gilded Age. What grew as a result of the Cattle Industry?
The meatpacking industry boomed
Which innovation by Henry Bessemer made steel production faster and cheaper during the Gilded Age?
The Bessemer Process
What law in 1882 restricted immigration from China for decades?
The Chinese Exclusion Act
What economic theory argued that government should not interfere in business, which often hurt workers?
Laissez-faire capitalism
What is a push factor concerning immigration?
political turmoil, religious/ethnic oppression, famine
What was the name of the Native American boarding school that forced the natives to assimilate?
The Carlisle Indian School