Chiefs and Medicine Men
A chief’s authority was based on what?
Respect
What type of home did many Plains Indigenous peoples live in during the summer?
Tipi
What landmass does Turtle Island refer to today?
North America (Canada, US, Mexico)
What do Indigenous beliefs often say everything in nature has?
A spirit
What symbol represents balance, directions, and stages of life?
Medicine Wheel
What spiritual quality was often said to give a chief power?
Medicine (spiritual energy)?
Leadership among bands was not hereditary. How was a chief chosen?
By merit (wisdom or skills)
Who fell from the sky world in the creation story?
Sky Woman
What is another name some Indigenous peoples use for the Creator?
the Great Spirit/Mystery
What is one ceremony used to purify people with sacred herbs?
Smudging
What was the role of medicine men and women?
Communing with spirits, curing sickness, and interpreting dreams/visions?
What was the main responsibility of warrior societies?
Protecting the band and hunting buffalo
Which animal gave its back as a place for Sky Woman to rest?
The turtle
How were teachings and traditions usually passed down?
Orally (through stories, songs, ceremonies)
What is one sacred animal that often appears in Indigenous stories?
The turtle, eagle or coyote
According to Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins, who was considered to have more “inspiration”: the chief or the doctor (medicine man)?
Doctor/Medicine Man
What substance were tipis usually made from?
Buffalo Hide
What did the animals bring up from the bottom of the water to form land?
Mud
Which group in Indigenous communities is especially respected for wisdom and guidance?
Elders/Ancestors
What is the purpose of ceremonies like sweat lodges, drumming, and dancing?
What type of religion did Plains Indigenous nations usually follow, believing all things had a spirit?
Animism
Chiefs often consulted a council before decisions. Who usually sat on these councils?
Elders and Medicine Men
What lesson does the Turtle Island story teach about relationships between humans, animals, and the earth?
Cooperation and Interconnectedness
What is the ultimate goal of Indigenous spirituality when relating to nature and the world?
Balance and Harmony
What deeper lesson do sacred animals usually carry in Indigenous traditions?
A moral (what is right)