Mind-versus-body problem
Monism was posited by which philosopher/physician
Claudius Galen (129-200 CE)
Describe Electroencephalogram (EEG)
EEG measures electrical activity towards the surface of the brain by assessing electrical activity in nerve cells using small, metal discs (electrodes) attached to the scalp.
Identify one structure within either the hindbrain, midbrain or forebrain
Teachers discretion in response to students answer
Describe the function of the axon
The axon is responsible for transmitting the electrical signals generated in the cell body to the terminal endings, where they are communicated to other neurons or muscles and glands.
Describe the structure and function of the central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the portion of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord.
The CNS integrates all information coming from various parts of the body to coordinate different activities in the body and control behaviour.
Dualism was posited by which philosopher/physician
René Descartes
Describe Phrenology
Phrenology is a science which involves the measurement of bumps on the skull to predict mental traits
Distinguish between grey and white matter
Grey matter is made up of neuron cell bodies and dendrites which are primarily evident in the surface of the brain
White matter is made up of extend myelinated axons connecting from the grey matter which are primarily evident in the middle of the brain and the spinal cord
Describe the function of the dendrites
The functions of dendrites are to receive signals from other neurons and to transfer the information to the soma of the neuron.
Describe the structure and function of the peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of all the nerves that extend from the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body.
It is responsible for transmitting signals between the CNS and the various tissues and organs of the body, allowing the nervous system to monitor and control the functions of the body.
Describe monism
Monism posits that the mind and body are not separate entities but rather a single, unified system. Monism argues that something with physical characteristics (body/brain) can influence and be related to something with non-physical properties (the mind).
Describe Lobotomy
Lobotomy is a surgical intervention involving the severing of nerve pathways in one or more lobes of the brain from those in other areas with the primary aim to alleviate symptoms associated with severe mental disorders.
Distinguish between the sagital and coronal plane
The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the brain into left and right halves by passing directly through the midline.
The coronal plane is a vertical plane that divides the brain into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
Describe the function of the synapse
A synapse is a specialized junction that allows communication between neurons in the nervous system. It is the point at which one neuron (presynaptic neuron) communicates with another neuron (postsynaptic neuron).
Distinguish between the autonomic and somatic nervous system
The somatic nervous system is responsible for all voluntary movements and sensations. Whereas, the autonomic nervous system is responsible for all involuntary movements and sensations.
Describe Dualism
Dualism suggests that the mind is a separate entity from the body, advocating for a clear distinction between these two aspects of human existence.
Describe Positron Emission tomography (PET)
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a neuroimaging technique that involves injecting a small quantity of radioactive glucose into the bloodstream and using a specialised camera to detect the rays emitted by the decaying particles.
Describe the function of the hindbrain (double points if you can name all structures within the hindbrain)
The hindbrain plays a crucial role in regulating the body's basic functions necessary for survival
The hind brain comprises the medulla, pones, cerebellum, and reticular formation
Describe the anatomy of a neuron
The anatomy of a neuron consist of a nucleus, soma, dendrites, axon, axon terminals, myelin sheath, and synapses
Compare and distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Both subsystems are apart of the autonomic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight response) is a division of the autonomic nervous system that becomes active in response to perceived threats or stressors.
The parasympathetic nervous system (rest and digest) supports routine activity that maintains the body’s store of energy.
Summarise the mind-versus-body problem
It asks whether the mind and body are two separate entities that interact with each other or whether the mind is just an aspect of the physical brain.
Explain how one neuroimaging technique (EEG, PET, FMRI, MRI) can be used to enhance the understanding of brain–behaviour relationships
Teachers discretion in response to students answer
Describe the function of the forebrain (double points if you can name all structures within the forebrain)
The forebrain plays a central role in the processing and comprehension of information related to complex cognitive activities.
The forebrain comprises the cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus and hippocampus
Distinguish between motor, sensory and interneurons
Sensory neurons are essential for collecting and transmitting information about the external environment to the central nervous system.
The primary function of motor neurons is to transmit signals from the central nervous system to the effectors
Interneurons serve as pivotal intermediaries within the central nervous system, facilitating communication between sensory and motor neurons
Which system aspect of your nervous system(s) would be heightened/activated in response to a bear attack?
Both sympathetic (e.g., heart rate increase) and somatic nervous system (running away)