Studies in History
The study of places and the complex relationships between people and their environment.
Geography
Tools and methods to help humans perform tasks
Technology
A person who draws or produces maps.
Cartographer
Traces of plants or animals that have been preserved in a rock.
Fossils
The southern most region of Mesopotamia.
Sumer
Also known as the "Old Stone age." Tools made of stone, made up of nomadic groups.
Paleolithic Age
Complex society with cities, organized governments, art religion, class divisions, and a writing system.
Civilizations
This professional studies the Earth's physical features and human populations, their distributions, and the relationships between them
Geographer
Weapons, tools, or other things made by humans.
Artifact
The two rivers that surround Mesopotamia.
Also known as the "New stone age," and included more advanced tools. Use of bone and sharpened stones. People mastered fire.
Neolithic Age
The practice of cultivating land, growing crops, and raising livestock
Agriculture
A professional who studies, researches, and interprets the past by analyzing historical sources, such as documents, artifacts, and other evidence.
Historian
Tame animals or plants for human use.
Domesticate
They developed complex urban centers like Uruk and built impressive ziggurats as temple complexes, before their eventual decline and absorption into empires like Akkad and Babylonia
Sumerian Empire
The time before recorded history
(before written history)
Prehistory
The movement of water from one place to another. Digging a canal. Modern day examples would include hoses and water pipes
Hunt for artifacts buried in the ground where settlements might once have been.
Archaeologists
An established procedure for a religion or right.
Ritual
One of the world's earliest writing systems, developed by the ancient Sumerians in Mesopotamia around 3400 BCE, characterized by wedge-shaped marks made with a stylus on clay tablets.
Cuneiform
People, ideas, events, and their interaction over time. A written record of the past.
History
The beliefs, customs, traditions, knowledge, art, literature, music, and practices of groups of people. The characteristics that make a group of people unique.
Culture
Study how humans developed and how they related to one another.
Anthropologist
A rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
Ziggurat
A numeral system that uses sixty as its base, originating with the ancient Sumerians in Mesopotamia and later adopted by the Babylonians
Base 60 System