Part 1
What was the earth-centered view of the universe?
Geocentric Theory
Who concluded that the planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits instead of circles?
Johannes Kepler
Who advocated for the freedom of thought and expression (Writing)?
Voltaire
What was added to the Constitution that protected basic rights?
The Bill of Rights
What group was scared that the Constitution gave the central government too much power?
The Anti-Federalists
What was the new way of thinking about the natural world called? It was based on observation and thinking.
The Scientific Revolution
Who discovered that gravity is a universal force?
Isaac Newton
Who did not believe in torture as a punishment and influenced criminal law in Europe and North America?
Beccaria
What are the three branches of government?
Legislative, Executive, and Judicial.
Why was the federal system set up?
It was set up by the Constitution to divide power between the national and state governments.
What theory explained that the stars and planets revolve around the Sun?
The Heliocentric Theory
Who believed that humans are selfish and wicked?
Thomas Hobbes
Who reformed Prussia? This person also granted religious rights, reduced censorship, improved education, and abolished torture there.
Frederick the Great
What were the Federalists supporters of?
The Constitution
The Declaration of Independence was written based on the ideas of who?
John Locke
What scientist developed the telescope?
Galileo
What are the three natural rights that Locke believed all people have?
Life, Liberty, and Property
Who reformed Russia and expanded its empire?
Catherine the Great
What law was passed by the British that required colonists to pay taxes on legal documents and other paper goods?
The Stamp Act
What is the name of the logical procedure for testing ideas and gathering information?
The Scientific Method
Who believed that separating state and federal governments would keep an individual from taking complete control?
Baron de Montesquieu
Who reformed Austria? This person also granted freedom of the press/worship there and abolished serfdom?
Joseph II
What prevented the colonists from selling products with anyone but Great Britain?
The Navigation Act