American Revolution
What European country allied with the American colonies against the British?
France
The Articles of Confederation gave more power to the __________ and created a weak national government.
states
Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the U.S. Constitution gave more power to the ______________ government and less power to the states.
national
What are the names of the 3 Branches of government that were created under the U.S. Constitution?
Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches
President George Washington appointed advisors such as Hamilton as his Secretary of Treasury and Jefferson as his Secretary of State; this is known as a president's ____________.
cabinet
This conflict created significant debt for the British and led to increased taxes on the American colonies.
French & Indian War
taxes; army
According to this agreement, enslaved people in the South would be counted as 3/5 of a person when determining a state's population.
3/5 Compromise
This branch of government is led by the President and is in charge of enforcing the laws.
Executive Branch
Foreign alliances
Political Parties
Sectionalism
Name two laws/taxes passed by the British that negatively impacted the American colonies.
Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Townsend Acts, Tea Act, Intolerable/Coercive Acts
This event highlighted the weakness of the Articles of Confederation as the federal government had no power to raise an army.
Shay's Rebellion
The Great Compromise brought together the Virginia and New Jersey Plans and created 2 Houses in the Legislative Branch. What are the names of the 2 Houses in Congress?
House of Representatives and the Senate
The Judicial Branch is led by the Supreme Court and is in charge of ____________ the laws.
reviewing/judging/interpreting
Why is the Election of 1800 considered a major turning point in American history?
Power was passed peacefully from one political party to another (Federalists to the Democratic-Republicans)
Many of the ideas of the Declaration of Independence were inspired by this political movement in Europe that changed the way people thought about government. (Hint: John Locke)
Enlightenment
The Articles of Confederation was replaced by the ________________.
U.S. Constitution
Federalist Papers
How many Supreme Court justices are there and how long do they serve for?
9; serve for life
President John Adams and the Federalists passed the ___________ and ___________ Acts which limited French immigration and made it illegal to speak out against the government.
The British policy of __________ meant that the British would mostly leave the American colonies alone to develop their own governments and trade.
salutary neglect
One positive impact of the Articles of Confederation was the creation of a system of adding new _________ to the country.
states
These two groups of Americans disagreed over whether or not the Constitution should be adopted. The ____________ believed in a strong national government, while the ______________ believed in stronger state governments and including a Bill of Rights.
Federalists & Anti-Federalists
Checks and balances were included in the Constitution as a way to give branches power over each other. Describe one example of a check and balance in the U.S. Constitution.
Presidents can veto a bill; Congress can impeach a president; Presidents can appoint Supreme Court judges
The ruling in the Supreme Court case of Marbury vs. Madison gave the Supreme Court the power of __________ ___________, which means they can look at laws and determine if they are constitutional or unconstitutional.
judicial review