Classifying Matter
Properties of Water
Acids and Bases
100
A pure substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down chemically.
What is an element?
100
The attractive force causing water molecules to stick to other water molecules.
What is cohesion?
100
An acid's pH value relative to pure water.
What is less than 7?
200
A pure substance formed when two or more different elements chemically combine in a fixed ratio, like H2O.
What is a compound?
200
The attractive force causing water molecules to stick to different substances, like glass or plant cell walls.
What is adhesion?
200
The ion released into solution by bases when dissolved in water.
What is a hydroxide ion (OH-)?
300
A mixture with an uneven composition where individual components remain visibly distinct, such as salad or trail mix.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
300
The cohesive force at the surface of liquid water that forms a flexible "skin," allowing water strider insects to walk across it.
What is surface tension?
300
Household cleaning items such as ammonia, drain cleaner, and soap fall into this chemical category.
What are bases (or alkaline substances)?
400
A mixture with a uniform composition throughout where individual parts cannot be visibly separated, such as saltwater or air.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
400
The combined force of cohesion and adhesion that enables water to travel upward against gravity through plant roots and stems.
What is capillary action (or plant transport)?
400
The strong acid produced naturally in the human stomach to help digest food.
What is hydrochloric acid?
500
In a molecular model, two different colored spheres chemically bonded together represent this category of matter.
What is a compound?
500
The property of water primarily responsible for liquid gathering into spherical beads on a freshly waxed car hood.
What is cohesion?
500
The ratio of Hydrogen ions (H+) to Hydroxide ions (OH-) in pure water.
What is equal (1:1 ratio)?