Plant Basics & Physiology
The study of life processes in an organism.
What is physiology?
Nonliving vascular tissue that carries water and dissolve minerals from roots to leaves.
What is xylem?
Small openings on leaves that allow gas exchange (CO2 in, O2 and water vapor out).
What are guard cells?
Plant growth response toward or away from a stimulus.
What is tropism?
The main site of of photosynthesis in leaves.
What are chloroplasts? (or mesophyll cells)
The parts of a plant (such as stems, roots, and leaves) that are not involved in reproduction.
What are vegetative organs?
Living vascular tissue that carries sugars and nutrients (food) from leaves to other parts of the plant.
What is translocation?
The cells that surround and control the opening/closing of stomata.
What are guard cells?
Growth toward light.
What is phototropism?
Plants that lose leaves seasonally (e.g. in autumn).
What are deciduous plants?
The parts of a plant involved in reproduction (such as flowers, fruits, and seeds).
What are reproductive organs?
The process by which sugars produced in photosynthesis are moved through phloem to other parts of the plant.
What is translocation?
What guard cells do when they take in water (become turgid) to open stomata.
What is swell/increase in turgor pressure?
Growth response to gravity (roots grow down, stems up).
What is gravitropism? (or geotropism)
The waxy layer on leaves that reduces water loss.
What is the cuticle?
Undifferentiated cells in plants that can divide and develop into various tissues.
What are meristematic cells? (or cambium/meristems
The movement of water into plant cells due to high solute concentration inside (key to turgor pressure).
What bis osmosis? (in plants)
The gas plants take in through stomata for photosynthesis.
What is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
Growth toward or away from touch/contact (e.g. vines wrapping around supports)
What is thigmotropism?
Tissue that provides support and flexibility in young plants.
What is collenchyma?
The layer in deciduous trees that forms to cause leaves to die and fall off in autumn.
What is the abscission layer?
Evaporation of water from leaves that helps pull water up through xylem (part of transpiration pull).
What is transpiration? (or cohesion-tension theory aspect)
A condition where stomata close to prevent excessive water loss (e.g. during drought).
What is wilting or stomatal closure?
Plant response to changes to changes in day length (important for flowering).
What is photoperiodism?
The process by which plants lose water vapor through stomata.
What is transpiration?