Heat Transfer
Life Cycle of Stars
Inside the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Geological Time Scales
100
This type of heat transfer only occurs when a fluid moves, usually by hot stuff rising and cool stuff falling
convection
100
This is the primary element found in stars
hydrogen
100
Convection is the primary heat transfer method is this part of the Earth
Mantle
100
subduction occurs at what boundary type
convergent boundary
100
Younger rock layers lay on top of older rock layers. This is called the Principle of ______________
Superposition
200
This type of heat transfer is the only kind that can occur in a solid, a liquid, AND a gas
conduction
200
What stellar characteristic determines how a stars life will progress?
the star's mass
200
What two elements are the primary components of the Earth's core?
iron and nickel
200
The most violent volcanos occur at what type of boundary
convergent
200
Radiometric dating uses the natural decomposition of radioactive elements into more stable elements to measure geological time scales. This breakdown of unstable atoms is called _________ __________.
radioactive decay OR nuclear fission
300
This type of heat transfer is why you feel warm when the Sun's rays touch your skin
radiation
300
What will be the final stage of the Sun's life cycle?
white dwarf w/o planetary nebula
300
The Inner core of the Earth is _______ and the Outer Core is __________. (states of matter)
solid; liquid
300
__ waves are the most destructive kind of seismic wave and __ waves can travel through solids, liquids, or gases
Surface, Primary
300
How much of the original material is left after 2 half lives have passed?
1/4; a quarter
400
Radiation is a heat transfer method that uses __________ ________ (2 words) to transfer energy even through empty space
electromagnetic waves
400
What part of a star's life cycle is where elements like iron are created?
in a supernova
400
The liquid part of the Earth's core flows in a circle, creating an electric current. This in turn gives the Earth a ______________ _______
magnetic field
400
Continental Drift was an incomplete theory about how the continents moved because it did not describe a method of HOW the continents moved. The missing piece was discovered in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean where it was discovered that the ____________ was ________
sea floor was spreading
400
Order the letters from oldest to youngest.
C -> B -> A -> D -> E
500
Why does hotter stuff rise and cooler stuff sink?
hot stuff is less dense / cool stuff is more dense
500
What is the primary type of heat transfer that occurs in the core of the Sun? Explain why this is true
conduction: the atoms are very close together
500
In general there are 3 part of the Earth: Core, Mantle, and Crust. List the heat transfer methods for each of these three layers IN ORDER
conduction; convection; conduction
500
In order to find the epicenter of an earthquake you need a minimum of _____ different seismographs to triangulate the location. Explain why you need this many.
3; 1 seismograph gives infinite epicenters, 2 seismographs gives 2 possible epicenters
500
A fossil is found that has one sixteenth (1/16) of the original amount of Carbon-14. Carbon-14 has a half life of about 6,000 years. How old is the fossil? Show your work.
24.000 years; 4 half lives have passed (1/2 -> 1/4 -> 1/8 -> 1/16) and each half life took 6,000 years. 6,000 X 4 = 24.000 years